LAB #10:

1. LAB #10: CEREBELLUM

2. In order to function in coordinating precise timing and sequencing of movements, the cerebellum must process information from many sources before sending “corrections” to upper motor neuron systems. Input comes to the cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle from:      vestibular receptors      body surface & muscle receptors      the inferior olive Input comes to the cerebellum via the middle cerebellar peduncle from:      widespread areas of cerebral cortex      (after a synapse in pontine nuclei) Outflow from the cerebellum reaches upper motor neuron systems via the superior cerebellar peduncle for:      -cerebral cortex, especially SMA      (after a synapse in the thalamus)      -the red nucleus Outflow from the cerebellum to brainstem upper motor neurons that regulate proximal muscles (vestibular nuclei, reticular nuclei) travels through the inferior peduncle.

3. OVERVIEW OF INTRINSIC CONNECTIONS OF THE CEREBELLUM Axons that enter the cerebellum as climbing fibers (from inferior olivary nuclei) or mossy fibers (all other input) terminate in:       cerebellar cortex       deep nuclei of cerebellum Impulse transmission through the cerebellar cortex includes:       - termination of climbing fibers on Purkinje cell dendrites & deep cerebellar nuclei;       - termination of mossy fibers on granule cells & deep nuclei;           - ascent of granule cell axons as parallel fibers in molecular layer;      - termination of parallel fibers on Purkinje cells;      - descent of Purkinje cell axons to deep cerebellar nuclei

4. Haines 2-31 1) vestibulocerebellum = flocculonodular lobe -> balance & eye movement; 2) spinocerebellum = vermis (medial zone) + intermediate hemisphere (zone) ->   adjustments for smooth movement of proximal (vermis) and distal (intermediate   cortex) limb movement; 3) cerebrocerebellum = lateral hemisphere (zone) -> motor planning

5. Haines 2-33

6. Haines 2-30

7. Deep cerebellar nuclei Fastigial nucleus Interposed nuclei Dentate nucleus Haines 5-15 Cerebellar cortex Cerebellar white mater

8. Blackboard 4 Cerebellar cortex Molecular Layer Granular layer White Matter Cerebellar white matter

9. Blackboard 5 molecular layer Purkinje layer granule layer

10. Haines 5-11 Olivocerebellar fibers – cerebrocerebellum receives fibers from contralalteal ION Vestibular Nuclei Inf Cerebellar peduncle Reticular Form Inf Olivary Nucleus Midrostral Medulla Level

11. Haines 5-12 Olivocerebellar fibers Vestibular Nuclei Inf Cerebellar peduncle Inf Olivary Nucleus Rostral Medulla Level

12. Haines 5-25 Corticopontine fibers Corticospinal Fibers Corticobulbar fibers Rostral Midbrain Level

13. Haines 5-18 Middle Cerebellar Peduncle Pontine Nuclei Pontocerebellar fibers Rostral Pons Level

14. Haines 5-19 Sup. Cerebellar peduncle Rostral Pons Level

15. Haines 5-20 Sup. Cerebellar peduncle Rostral Pons Level

16. Haines 5-22 Sup. Cerebellar peduncle decussation Pons/midbrain jctn Level

17. Haines 5-23 Sup. Cerebellar peduncle decussation Caudal Midbrain Level

18. Haines 5-25 Cerebellothalamic fibers Red Nucleus Red Nucleus Rostral Midbrain Level

19. Haines 5-26 Rostral Midbrain Level

20. Haines 5-32 thalamus