Chapter 7 Part I Framing Our Government Vocabulary

1. Chapter 7 Part I Framing Our Government Vocabulary 1. Abolish - to put an end to , stop a practice 2. Amendments – a change in our government/ laws 3. Bicameral – two-house; refers to a legislature with two parts 4. Checks and balances – system set up by the Constitution in which each branch of the federal government has the power to check, or limit, the actions of other branches 5. Compromise – an agreement 6. Constitution – document that sets out the laws and principles of a government 7.Debate – a discussion of issues 8. Delegate – a. (noun) a person appointed to represent others, b. (verb) to transfer power of authority to another person 9. Democracy – a government in which people/ citizens participate 10. Economic depression – period when business activity slows, wages fall, and unemployment rises 11. Execute - to carry out 12. Federalism - sharing of power between the states and the national government 13.Monarchy – government in which people are ruled by a monarch, such as a king/queen 14. Philosophy – principles, knowledge, beliefs, values 13. Ratify – approve (ratification – the approval of) 16. Representative – people chosen to speak and act for their fellow citizens in government 17 Republic – government in which voters choose representatives to govern them 18. Unconstitutional – not permitted by the constitution of a nation

2. Chapter 7 Part I Framing Our Government Vocabulary Quiz Philosophy debate execute ratify monarchy abolish Democracy delegate amendment unconstitutional 1. to approve 2. To discuss 3. one’s beliefs, ideas 4. To perform a certain job or responsibility 5. A government word from the Greek for “power of the people” 6. Government controlled by a king or queen 7. Against the constitution 8. A change in a law 9. To discontinue; end 10. A representative

3. Chapter 7 Part I Framing Our Government The Origins of our Government and Laws Ancient Babylon One of the earliest civilizations to have written laws was 1. ____________, located in what is now the country of 2. _________. 3. _____________ was another name for this region since it was located between two rivers; 4. _____________ & 5. __________. Around the year 1780 B.C. their leader, 6. ________________ handed down a very long set of laws (over 200). They were known as the 7. _______________________. Hammurabi believed that the punishment should fit the crime. If you stole something for example, you might have to have your hand cut off. This is called 8. ____________ ______________” justice. Babylon is also remembered for having one of the “Seven Wonders of the World.” It was a magnificent palace with many levels that had plants and flowers growing on each level and flowing over the sides. Built around 600 B.C., it was called the 9. _________________________ of Babylon. Ancient Greece Another civilization that contributed greatly to the type of government established in the United States was Ancient Greece. Greece is made up of 10. ______________, land that juts into the sea and is surrounded on three sides by water, and groups of islands, or 11. ____________________ between the Ionian and Aegean Seas. From the Greeks we get the word 12. __________, which means “power of the people.” In A.D. 461, a Greek named 13. _______________ was elected to the 14. _______________, the group of lawmakers. He established the use of a 15. _______________, citizens established for the purpose of determining the guilt or innocence of those brought to trial. However, only males over the age of 18 could serve on the Assembly. Page 1

4. Ancient Rome The Roman Empire once included most of Europe, southwest Asia, and part of north Africa. Roman government was a strong and well-organized 16._________________ established in 509 BC. “Republic” comes from the 17. _________ phrase ’res public’ or “public things.” The Corpus Juris (Body of Civil Law) or 18. _______________________________ was issued by Justinian I who was Roman 19. __________________ from 529 until 534. His collection of works explained the fundamental works in the 20. _________________ of law. The lawmaking body for Rome was the 21. ______________. Representatives here could shout 22.” ______!”, or “I forbid.” in Latin. This put a stop to ideas or laws a representative disagreed with. Only members of rich, powerful families could serve on the Senate. Under Roman law a person was innocent until proven 23.____________. The English Tradition For many years in England people were subjects instead of 24. ______________. They were victims of the 25. _______________, a government in which someone has supreme power. Gone were the days of the Roman Empire and their ideas of a government by the people. Some 26. _______________ were wise and used their powers to the best interest of their kingdom. Others, however, were tyrants who treated those under their reign very unjustly. In 1215, though, nobles of England felt strong enough to challenge the monarchy of 27. ________________. They forced him to sign the 28. ________________ which limited the power of the monarchy. The new laws only applied to nobles, but they now had the right to a fair trial and opened the doors to other improvements in English government. The English 29. ____________________ were passed by Parliament in 1689 which further limited the power of the king or queen. The rights outlined applied to all citizens and not just the nobles. It gave the citizens the right to trial by jury, the right to petition the government, and it protected them against 30. ______________. Word Bank Tyranny monarchs Iraq Tigris republic Latin Senate veto peninsulas Mesopotamia guilty jury citizens monarchy Babylon Euphrates Hanging Gardens eye for an eye Assembly philosophy Pericles Bill of Rights Code of Hammurabi King John archipelagos Emperor democracy Hammurabi Magna Carta Code of Justinian Page 2

5. Chapter 7 Part I Framing Our Government • 1What were the three parts of the Declaration of Independence? • a. ________________________________________________ • b. ________________________________________________ • c. ________________________________________________ • 2. What document is considered the United States first Constitution? _________________________________________________________ • 3. What were four problems with its arrangements? • a. ____________________________ c. ____________________________ • b. ____________________________ d. ____________________________ • What were two good things that came from this document? What did they do? • a. _______________________ - ____________________________________ • b. _______________________ - ____________________________________ • 5. What event sent delegates back to the “drawing board?” ________________________________________________________________ • 6. Where did the delegates meet ? ____________________________________ • 7. What state did not participate? ____________________________________ • 8. Who presided at the Convention? __________________________________ • 9. Why is James Madison considered the “Father of the Constitution?” ________________________________________________________________ • 10. Who was the oldest delegate there and how old was he? _______________________________________________________________ • 11. What did all of the delegates have in common? _______________________ • 12. What title do these delegates now share? ____________________________ • 13. What were the three main concerns citizens had about their new government? a. ____________________________________ b. _________________________________ c. ________________ • 14.Identify each plan: • a. ___________________ - bicameral legislature/ larger states having more representatives than states with smaller populations • b. ___________________ - unicameral legislature/ all states equal • c. _________________ __- bicameral legislature/ Senate would have same number or members per state /House of Representatives based on population of state Page 3

6. 15. Which plan was chosen? ____________________or ___________________ • 16. Which states still did not agree and why? ___________________________ • 17. What was the ‘deal’ these states made called? ________________________ What did it mean? ________________________________________________ • 18. Citizens in favor of the constitution were called ______________________. Those who opposed it were called ________________. • For what reason did they oppose? ________________________________ How was this issue solved?_______________________________________ • When was the Constitution signed? _______________________________ • When was it ‘ratified?’ __________________________________________ What was the last state to do so? _________________________________ • What are the three basic principles of the Constitution of the US? a. ______________ b. _______________ c. _____________________ • 23. List the 7 goals of the U.S. Government: • a. _____________________- government has authority from the people • b._____________________- citizens elect representatives to execute laws • c. ____________________ - division of power between federal/state • d. ____________________ - 3 Branches of the government • e. ____________________ - each branch checks and limits the other • f. ____________________ - government has only powers given by the constitution • g. ____________________ - every citizen’s basic rights are protected • 24. What do we call the introduction to the Constitution? _________________ • 25. The Constitution is divided into 7 parts that are called _______________. They describe how jobs are _____________ and how laws are _____________. • 26. An _______________ is a change in the written law. The first 10 of these are called ____________________________. There is a total of ___________. • Briefly describe each of the Bill of Rights: • 1. ______________________________ 9 ____________________________ • 2. ______________________________ 10.____________________________ • 3. ______________________________ • 4. ______________________________ • 5. ______________________________ • 6. ______________________________ • 7. ______________________________ • 8. ______________________________ Page 4

7. Adding and Amending ______ A. Repealed the 18th Amendment _______ B. Described rights of citizens, representation and voting _______ C. stated no one could be kept from voting or not paying taxes _______ D. Did away with slavery _______ E. Gave vote to citizens aged 18 and older _______ F. Gave women the right to vote ______ G. stated that no person can be elected president more than twice ______ H. Allowed voters to elect senators ______ I. Provided for succession to the presidency and presidential disability ______ J. Stated that no one could be denied the vote because or race, color, or because he was a former slave ______ K. Changed the dates of the president and vice president’s term in office ______ L. Prohibited the manufacture and sale of liquor ______ M. Gave citizens who live in Washington, D.C., the right to vote in presidential elections ______ N. Explained what kinds of cases federal courts could try ______ O. Changed how the electoral college voted ______ P. Stated that laws passed to increase the salaries of senators and representatives could not take effect until after an election of representatives had taken place ______ Q. Gave Congress the power to collect taxes on income Amendment 11 Lawsuits against statesAmendment 12 Presidential electionsAmendment 13 Abolition of slaveryAmendment 14 Civil rightsAmendment 15 Black suffrageAmendment 16 Income taxesAmendment 17 Senatorial electionsAmendment 18 Prohibition of liquorAmendment 19 Women's suffrageAmendment 20 Terms of officeAmendment 21 Repeal of ProhibitionAmendment 22 Term Limits for the PresidencyAmendment 23 Washington, D.C., suffrageAmendment 24 Abolition of poll taxesAmendment 25 Presidential successionAmendment 26 18-year-old suffrageAmendment 27 Congressional pay raises Page 5

8. Framing Our Constitution Across 1. James _____, Father of the Constitution 5. presided over Constitutional Convention 10. to approve 11. to carry out 14. to assign someone else a responsibility 16. first 10 amendments Down 2. slow-down in the economy 3. city of the Constitutional Convention 4. an agreement 6. a document of written laws 7. last state to ratify the Constitution 8. the introduction of the Constitution 9. two-part 12. this amendment was repealed 13. person who supported the new constitution 15. 13th Amendment abolished Page 6

9. Chapter 7 Part I Framing Our Government Test I. Vocabulary Matching • Each branch limits the power of the others • Government by the people • Power divided into federal and states • Two-house government • Written law • Federalism • Bicameralism • Democracy • Checks and Balances • Constitution II. Identify each part of our Constitution. 6. Bill of Rights 7. Amendments 11 – 27 8. Articles 1 – 7 9. Preamble 10. Basic Principles • Life, Liberty, & Pursuit of Happiness • Most recent changes • Outline s basic constitution • Amendments 1 – 10 • The introduction III. Matching: The three parts of the Declaration of Independence were ; A) Rights of Citizens, B ) Wrongs of Great Britain, and C) Statement of Freedom. Determine which statement belongs with which part. 11. “The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over these states…” 12. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal…[and have the rights of] life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness…” 13. “When in the course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another…” IV. Important People 14. James Madison 15. Ben Franklin 16. George Washington 17. Hammurabi 18. Justinian I • Leader of Babylon; imposed “eye for an eye’ justice • “Father of the Constitution” • Roman Emperor from 529 – 534 • Oldest man at the Constitutional Convention • Presided over the Constitutional Convention

10. V. Multiple Choice • 19. What English King was forced to sigh the Magna Carta? a. Henry VIII b. Richard the Lionheart c. George III d. King John • 20. What document is considered the United States first Constitution? a. Articles of the Confederation b. Declaration of Independence c. Mayflower Compact d. House of Burgesses • 21. What did all the delegates to the Constitutional Convention have in common? a. all wore wigs b. wealthy, white, landowners c. married d. wooden teeth • 22. The men who took part in forming our constitution are called _____. a. Parliament b. Congress c. Founding Fathers d. Democrats • 23. What is the name of the plan that was chosen describing how the government should be set up? a. Virginia Plan b. New Jersey Plan c. Connecticut Plan d. Iowa Plan • 24. What problem did the southern states have with the new constitution? a. population b. economy c. resources d. slavery • How many senators does each state have in the Senate? a. one b. depends on population c. two d. as many as they want to have • VI. Choose the term that does not belong: • 26. A. democracy B. Monarchy C. Republic D. Constitutional • 27. A. Administrative B. Judicial C,. Executive D. Legislative • 28. A. Criminal B. Life C. Liberty D. Pursuit of Happiness • 29. A. George Washington B. Crispus Attucks C. Ben Franklin D. James Madison • 30. A. ratify B. compact C. agreement D. oppose • 31. A. citizen B. delegate C. representative D. senator • 32. A. discuss B. Argue C. debate D. ratify • 33. A. Federalism B. Monarchy C. Checks & Balances D. Separation of Power