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Librarians vs. Automation

Explore the evolving landscape of library services as automation increasingly impacts tasks traditionally performed by librarians. From automatic indexing to AI-driven classification, discover the changing roles and debates in the field.

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Librarians vs. Automation

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  1. Librarians vs. Automation Carolyn Weber LucioCampanelli Will HohyonRyu

  2. What Librarians Do • Public Services Librarian • Technical Service Librarian • Acquisitions/Serials Librarian • Cataloging Librarian

  3. What Computers can Do • Public Services Librarian • People use computers to find books. • Technical Service Librarian • They work for computers • Acquisitions/Serials Librarian • Computers can decide what to buy or not using automated statistics • Cataloging Librarian • Automatic Index and Automatic Classification

  4. (It seems…)We do not need librarians anymore! • Automatic Indexing • No need to make a catalog • Automatic Classification • Even assigning Dewey Codes can be done by librarians • Vocabulary Control • Limits the range of words used • No creative actions! • Automatic Abstracting • Computers provide information that librarians don’t.

  5. 21c Luddites?

  6. Let’s see what they can do.

  7. Automatic Indexing • Definition • When the assignment of the content identifiers is carried out with the aid of modern computing equipment the operation becomes automatic indexing.

  8. Procedure of Automatic Indexing Produces an Index Table Extracts Index Terms manage function department review budget periodically

  9. No Catalogers Anymore • Isn’t Google Books better than WorldCAT?

  10. Automatic Classification • Find a right category of a book. • Involves machine learning algorithms: SVM, Neural Network, Naïve Bayes Theorem

  11. Procedure of AI’s Automatic Classification Learning Suggests Classification Analyzes Index Terms Library Management

  12. Procedure of AI’s Automatic Classification Suggests Classification Analyzes Index Terms

  13. Computers can assign Dewey Codes! • Based on full text - Librarians can’t • Additional weight on the title and authors • Give librarians suggestions

  14. Vocabulary Control

  15. Definition of Vocabulary Control • The standardization of indexing and the labeling of items for future reference. The systematic selection of preferred terms. (Davis and Rush) • A limited set of terms that must be used to represent the subject matter of documents (Lancaster)

  16. What is a information retrieval thesaurus? • Term applied in the 1950’s. • A tool used for the subject indexing of documents • Primary arrangement is alphabetical • Helps indexers choose between synonyms and near synonyms when they occur • Cross references help navigate the vocabulary and select the suitable terms • Often used for indexing in databases or as a source of subject metadata

  17. Formal standards began the early 20th century Library of Congress Subject Headings Sears’ Subject Headings for a Small Library Snails UF Land Snails Landsnails BT Gastropoda NT Edible snails Freshwater snails Introduced snails Limpets Prosobrachia Origin and development of the thesaurus

  18. Why are Thesauri Important? • Headings can be used to organize physical files if required • Can be used as a search tool • Can help to formulate and modify searches without being seen by the searcher • Can function as a browse and navigation tool • Is a source of subject metadata for digital library resources

  19. Example of Thesauri use in Proquest:

  20. Project: Thesauri for Zines • Definition of a zine “a small, handmade amateur publication done purely out of passion, rarely making a profit or breaking even.” -Factsheet Five • Have to be manually created • “alternative” culture & terms • New materials handled by libraries • Local collection: Queer Zine Archive Project Digital Library

  21. Example of a Zine & Subject Thesauri

  22. Zine One

  23. Zine One Thesauri

  24. Zine Two

  25. Zine Two Thesauri

  26. Zine Three

  27. Zine Three Thesauri

  28. Zine Four

  29. Zine Four Thesauri

  30. Questions to Ponder…. • What are the benefits or disadvantages to providing a thesauri for digital libraries? • As libraries and publishers become more automated, is this the best solution for all types of materials? Why or why not? • Zines are one type of alternative material which libraries are turning to manual thesaurus construction to provide more effective searching for users. Can you think of any other media or materials that may also require manual thesaurus construction?

  31. Lucio’s Part goes here • Suggested Topics: • How Well Automatic Summary Works • What Automatic Summary can do in libraries • You can ignore the suggestions entirely!

  32. What do you think we can do?

  33. References

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