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New contaminants in water and possibilities for their monitoring

New contaminants in water and possibilities for their monitoring. Ganna Fedorova , Roman Grabic , Tomas Randak. gfedorova@frov.jcu.cz. New contaminants in water and possibilities for their monitoring. Outline. General introduction Brief theory on passive sampling

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New contaminants in water and possibilities for their monitoring

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  1. New contaminants in water and possibilities for their monitoring GannaFedorova, Roman Grabic, Tomas Randak gfedorova@frov.jcu.cz

  2. New contaminants in water and possibilities for their monitoring Outline General introduction Brief theory on passive sampling Passive sampling vs biota sampling LakeAdmin Transfer Training on Biomonitoring

  3. Monitoring of chemical pollution of aquatic environment Different environmental matrices • water • fish tissues • benthic fauna • sediments • pharmaceuticals • illicit drugs • UV filters • pesticides Development of new analytical methods Effect of pollution on exposed organisms • biomarkers

  4. Detection of contaminants with set limits in fish Hg Cd Pb PCBs HCH HCB DDT Hg in muscle of perch from Elbe and Vltava rivers

  5. Passive sampling Semi-permeable membrane Driving force Passive sampling – alternative to fish sampling Passive sampling (PS) – sampling technique based on free flow of analyte molecules from the sampled medium to a collecting medium, as a result of difference in chemical potentials (T.Gorecki, J.Namiesnik, 2002) Main principle Concentration gradient – driving force for uptake Construction All samplers: barrier + sequestrating medium

  6. Passive sampling Fairly simple deployment TWA concentrations Chemical exposure of aquatic organisms Pre-concentrated pollutants Multi-residue sampling Bioaccumulation Bioconcentration

  7. SPMD SAMPLINGRATEL/d 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 POCIS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Log Kow Passive sampling Passivesamplersfororganics in water • SPMD – Semipermeable Membrane Device • low density polyethylene tube filled with triolein • POCIS – Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler • sorbent sandwiched between hydrophilic membranes Pharmaceuticals, Pesticides, Personalcare products PCBs, PCDD/Fs PAHs, PBDEs, OCPs

  8. Passive sampling Passive samplers for metals in water • DGTs – Diffusive Gradient in Thin films • Protective cellulose membrane • Diffusive gel layer • Resin, where diffused ions are accumulated • diffusive gel (open pore); • restricted gel (restrictedporeformeasuringlabileinorganiconly); • Chelex gel (for metals); • Fe-oxide gel (forphosphorus); • AMP gel (forCs); • AgI gel (forsulphide).

  9. O-ring T-data-logger PES membrane Sorbent PES membrane • O-ring DGT Passive sampling Sampling unit set up POCIS SPMD

  10. Passive sampling vs biota sampling Differences between SPMD and bivalves as „sampling devices“ • The same exposure time • The same place • Different results • SPMD pure bioconcentration • Dreissena polymorpha • Bioconcentrates • Bioaccumulates • Metabolizes

  11. Summary Only truly dissolved fraction of pollutants is sampled • No particle associated fraction • No colloid or complex bonded fraction • Directly bioavailable fraction of pollutants PS corresponds to bioconcentration of pollutants, which is difficult to determine with living organisms PS - risk assessment for water organisms while concentration measured in biota - risk assessment for human health

  12. LakeAdmin Transfer Training on Biomonitoring

  13. LakeAdmin Transfer Training on Biomonitoring When? Praha • 12-14 November 2012 Vodňany Česke Budějovice Where? • Czech Republic, Vodñany or Česke Budějovice

  14. LakeAdmin Transfer Training on Biomonitoring Aims Basic theory of different techniques • Theoretical introduction Real case studies • Practical application DGT: calculation and interpretation Juvenile fish sampling • Field work Passive sampler deployment

  15. Preliminary program • Biomonitoring of aquatic environment. T. Randak • Introduction to theory of passive sampling for nonpolar, polar organic compounds and metals. R. Grabic • Juvenile fish in biomonitoring. T. Randak • Biomarkers in fish – nonspecific parameters of exposure to contaminants. V. Zlabek • A Czech national water quality monitoring (biota, sediments, SPM, passive samplers, water) - What is the difference in results? V. Kodes • Examples of real data – case studies (Labe River contamination during the flooding episode 2002, Bilina River profiling). R. Grabic • DGT – how to get water concentration from laboratory results? R. Grabic

  16. Field work

  17. Social event Brewery excursion and dinner

  18. Looking forward to see you in Czech Republic!

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