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Finding Purpose: The Link Between Spirituality and Academic Advising

Finding Purpose: The Link Between Spirituality and Academic Advising. John A. Mueller, Ed.D . Professor, Student Affairs in Higher Education Indiana University of Pennsylvania Carrie A. Egnosak , M.A. Division of Undergraduate Studies Adviser Penn State Erie, The Behrend College.

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Finding Purpose: The Link Between Spirituality and Academic Advising

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  1. Finding Purpose: The Link Between Spirituality and Academic Advising John A. Mueller, Ed.D. Professor, Student Affairs in Higher Education Indiana University of Pennsylvania Carrie A. Egnosak, M.A. Division of Undergraduate Studies Adviser Penn State Erie, The BehrendCollege

  2. Outline • Spirituality and Academic Advising • Religious Profile of U.S. Adults and Millennials • Research on Spirituality in Higher Education • Implications for Academic Advising

  3. Spirituality and Academic Advising • Academic Advising Roles • Theory • Practice • Student Development of Purpose • Meaning Making • Goal Setting • Spiritual Questing (Chickering & Reisser, 1993)

  4. How do I want to live my life? (O’Banion, 1972) Academic Advising Faith &Spirituality Finding Purpose

  5. Religious Composition Among U.S. Adults Note. Demographic associations with unaffiliated: male, White, Asian, unmarried, northeast, higher SES (income and education) Pew Research Center (2010; 2012)

  6. Religious Affiliation Among Young Adults, By Decade Note. The intensity of religious affiliation is as strong today as among previous generations when they were young. Pew Research Center (2010)

  7. Spiritual vs. Religious amongUS Adults Pew Research Center (2012)

  8. HERI Study • Data collected on more than 100,000 first-year students at 236 colleges and universities. HERI (2004-2005)

  9. Compared to the average person your age, do you rate yourself better in terms of … Chronicle of Higher Education (2013)

  10. Spirituality in Higher Education (2010) • Data collected on 14,527 students attending 136 colleges and universities • Defined spirituality as multifaceted: • Spiritual quest • Global worldview • Ethic of caring • Service to others • Capacity for calmness and centeredness Astin, Astin, & Lindholm (2011)

  11. Spirituality in Higher EducationFindings • Growth in the five areas is associated with active engagement on “inner work” • Increase in quest occurs when encouraged to explore questions of meaning and purpose • Increased service enhances other spiritual qualities • Calmness/centeredness positively associated with GPA, ability to get along with others, satisfaction with college • Caring and worldview positively associated with interest in graduate study, ability to get along with others, and commitment to racial understanding • Experiences that promote spiritual development (service learning, interdisciplinary courses, study abroad, self-reflection, meditation) have positive effects on college outcomes. Astin, Astin, & Lindholm (2011)

  12. Implications/Discussion • Potential conflicts between purpose in life • Negotiating a secular world and campus • Perceived hostility from peers, staff, and faculty • Policies/practices that are not accomodating • Self-awareness of the advisor’s own spiritual/religious beliefs • Comfort level • Messages we may send

  13. References Astin, A. W., Astin, H. S., & Lindholm, J. A., (2011). Cultivating the spirit: How college can enhance students' inner lives. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Chickering, A. W., & Reisser, L. (1993). Education and identity (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Chronicle of Higher Education (2013). Almanac edition. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/section/Almanac-of-Higher-Education/723/ Higher Education Research Institute (HERI). (2004-2005). The spiritual life of college students: A national study of college students' search for meaning and purpose. Retrieved from http://www.spirituality.ucla.edu/reports/index.html

  14. References O’Banion, T. (1972). An academic advising model. Junior College Journal, 42, 62-69. Reprinted in the NACADA Journal (1994) 14(2), 10-16. Pew Research Center (2010). Religion among millennials. A Pew Forum Report on Religion & Public Life Forum report. Retrieved from http://www.pewforum.org/2010/02/17/ religion-among-the-millennials/ Pew Research Center (2012). “Nones” on the rise. A Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life Forum report. Retrieved from http://www.pewforum.org/2012/10/09/nones-on-the-rise/

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