John Jacob Astor III , NYPL Print Collection

1. Fig 1 John Jacob Astor III, NYPL Print Collection

2. Fig 2 The Waldorf next to Caroline Astor’s Brownstone Mansion 34th Street and 5th Avenue, Image from Justin Kaplan’s When the Astors Owned New York: Blue Bloods and Grand Hotels in a Gilded Age

3. Fig 3 Fig 4 Interior views, Home of William Backhouse Jr. and Caroline Astor 34th street and 5th Avenue, Museum of the City of New York

4. Fig 5 Fig 6 Beaulieu, Newport Washington Life Magazine, September 2002

5. Collection in Art Treasures, 1879 Fig 7 Hector Leroux, School of Vestals

6. Fig 8 E. Pagliano, Examining the Legacy

7. Fig 9 Charles Louis Muller, Calling the Roll of the Condemned (During the Reign of Terror)

8. Fig 10 J.G. Vibert, Sacred Concert

9. Fig 11 L. Rossi, The Old Age of Prince

10. Fig 12 Edward Zamacois, The Rival Confessors

11. Fig 13 E. Vernier, Selling Shell-fish at St. Waast

12. Fig 14 F.H. Kaemmerer, The Baptism Under the Directory

13. Fig 15 J.E. Saintin, Distraction

14. W. Bouguereau, The Knitter L. Bonnat, Non Piangere Fig 16 Fig 17

15. Fig 18 F. Roybet, Breaking-Up the Party

16. Fig 19 Fig 20 Jean Aubert, The Broken Thread E. Frere, The Exercise

17. Fig 21 Adolf Schreyer, Arab Warriors, from Parke-Bernet auction catalogue, April 14, 15 and 16 1943

18. Fig 22 Raymundo de Madrazo, Tea Time, from Parke-Bernet auction catalogue, April 14, 15 and 16 1943

19. Fig 23 Simon Saint-Jean, Still Life: Flowers and Fruit, from Parke-Bernet auction catalogue, April 14, 15 and 16 1943

20. Fig 24 Jean-Léon Gérôme, Death of Caesar, The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore

21. Fig 25 F.D. Millet, Bashi-Bazouk, 1878 from H. Barbara Weinberg “The Career of Francis Davis E. Millet”