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The People of the World, Prehistory-2500 B.C.

The People of the World, Prehistory-2500 B.C. . Unit 1 . Human Origins in Africa. Chapter 1 Section 1 . Vocabulary I. Culture : People’s unique way of life Paleolithic Age : Stone Age, use of tools Neolithic Age : Age of farming and domestication of animals

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The People of the World, Prehistory-2500 B.C.

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  1. The People of the World, Prehistory-2500 B.C. Unit 1

  2. Human Origins in Africa Chapter 1 Section 1

  3. Vocabulary I • Culture: People’s unique way of life • Paleolithic Age: Stone Age, use of tools • Neolithic Age: Age of farming and domestication of animals • Technology: Ways of applying knowledge, tools to meet a person’s needs • Homo Sapiens: Modern Humans • Archeologists: Learn about people by excavating and studying early settlements • Artifacts: Remains such as tools, jewelry, and other human made objects. (Clues to the past) • Anthropologists: Study of Culture, or people’s unique way of life • Paleontologists: Study fossils and determine the age of the fossil rock

  4. Early Footprints Found • 1970’s Tanzania (East Africa) • Mary Leaky Finds Foot Prints • Found a Hominid (Early Human) footprints over 3 million years old in East Africa

  5. Dawn of Modern Humans • Homo Sapiens Developed between 200,000 and 40,000 years ago • Neanderthals’ Way of Life • Remains discovered in Europe and Southeast Asia • Developed Religious Beliefs and Preformed Rituals • Disappeared about 30,000 years ago

  6. Humans Try to Control Nature Chapter 1 Section 2

  7. Vocabulary II • Nomad: Mobile people without permanent settlements • Hunter-Gatherer: People who constantly hunt and gather for food/survival • Neolithic Revolution(Agricultural Revolution): The shift from hunting-gathering to FARMING/DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS • Slash-and-Burn Farming: Cut and burn method of farming. Returns nutrients to the soil. • Domestication: Taming or training of animals for human use.

  8. Before: Humans Tried to Control Nature! • Nomads: Wonder from place to place in search of food and they never make permanent settlements • These people are called Hunter-Gathers • Followed the herds, seasons, etc. • Civilizations did not develop. Why?

  9. Domestication of Animals • Define: Domestic • What is a “Domestic Cars vs. Imported Cars” • Humans drove animals into man-made structures (Fences) • Herded animals to serve as food and labor sources!

  10. The Neolithic Revolution • Define: Neolithic Revolution • Causes of the Agricultural Revolution • As climates warmed, grasses and grains had longer growing season • Farming provided a steadyfood supply, allowing people to stay in one area • Slash and Burn farming allowed humans to clear large areas of land for farming

  11. CivilizationCase Study: Ur In Sumer Chapter 1 Section 3

  12. Vocabulary III • Civilization: Complex culture with 5 characteristics: (1) advanced cities, (2) specialized workers, (3) complex institutions, (4) record keeping, (5) Advanced tech. • Specialization: Development of “specific skills” • Artisan: Skilled craftsmen • Institutions: An established organization or foundation, especially one dedicated to education, public service or culture (Government, Religion, Economy, Schools) • Scribe: Professional writers • Cuneiform: “Wedge Shaped Writing” • Bronze Age: Time period when Bronze was primarily used for tools • Barter: Trade of goods without money • Ziggurat: Pyramid-shaped religious temple. (Layered)

  13. Villages Grow and Prosper • Farming Develops in Many Places!!! • What was needed for farming?? • Humans developed agriculture independently in Africa, China, and South America • The discovery of agriculture and the domestication of animals allowed the creation of villages • Birth of Civilizations

  14. The Eve of Civilizations • Bronze Age: People used Bronze to make tools and weapons • Villages grow into cities and force changes in society • Economic Changes!! • Surplus of food allows for specialized workers • Specialization: Allowed people to make important advances in technology (Wheel and Sail) • Social Changes • People needed to work together • Religion becomes more organized

  15. What is Civilization 5 Features of Civilization MUST REMEMBER! • Advanced Cities • Specialized Workers (artisans) • Complex Institutions (Government) • Record Keeping (Writing/Language, Scribes) • Advanced Technology

  16. 5 Characteristics of Civilizations

  17. The City of Ur • Economy • Depended on goods from outlying farmers and merchants for trade • Why do people trade? • Used a Barter System • Money is not used to buy goods (Canal Street, NYC) • Religion • Center of city life was based around a Ziggurat, a massive temple

  18. Chapter 1 Section 2-3 Reading Quiz • What is a Hunter-Gather? • Define the Neolithic Revolution • What does it mean to domesticate animals? • What did farming allow humans to do for the first time? • List and/or describe one of the five elements of Civilization.

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