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The People of Prehistory

The People of Prehistory. Hunters and gatherers turn to farming. The First People. After scientists found remains and artifacts of earlier peoples, this gave us a better idea as to how humans lived Four main groups of people: Homo H abilis Homo Erectus Homo Sapiens Homo Sapiens S apiens .

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The People of Prehistory

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  1. The People of Prehistory Hunters and gatherers turn to farming

  2. The First People • After scientists found remains and artifacts of earlier peoples, this gave us a better idea as to how humans lived • Four main groups of people: • Homo Habilis • Homo Erectus • Homo Sapiens • Homo Sapiens Sapiens

  3. Homo Habilis • Known as “skillful man” • Earliest group of man • Remains found dating back 2.5 million years ago • Approx. 1.2 meters tall • Sloping forehead and brows that stood out

  4. Homo Habilis • Nomadic (moved around a lot and never stayed in one place too long) • Used branches and roots as weapons • Used bones and pebbles as cutting tools • Ate plants and chewed raw meat • Massive jaws and had huge teeth

  5. Homo Erectus • Known as “upright man” • Appeared 500 000 years ago • 1.5 meters tall • Had a smaller jaw and teeth than Homo Habilis • Hunted large animals • Used fire to cook meat • Wooden spears and stone axes

  6. Homo Sapiens • Known as “thinking man” • Appeared 300 000 years ago • Evolved from Homo Erectus • Often called a Neanderthal because bodies were found in Neander in Germany

  7. Homo Sapiens • Very strong bodies • Long skulls with flat bony ridges • Jaws and necks were very powerful • Killed mammoths • Lived in caves and used fire

  8. Homo Sapiens • Made needles out of bones • Sewed animal skins to make clothes • First people to bury their dead • Group eventually dies out because of competition from the Homo Sapiens Sapiens

  9. Homo Sapiens Sapiens • Known as “Modern Man” • Evolved about 35 000 years ago • Remains were first discovered in France • Average height of 1.8 metres • Domed skulls with high foreheads (like ours today) • Smaller jaw and teeth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PP94gmrIcdY

  10. Homo Sapiens Sapiens • More reliant on technology • Made more complex and effective tools • Used traps to catch animals • Skin covered huts and clothes kept them warm • Painted hunting scenes on the caves they lived in • All of mankind is descended from this group

  11. Evidence of Homo Sapiens Sapiens • Most of the evidence we have is from the rock paintings, burial sites and megaliths • Megaliths = stones put together to make a monument or structure • Had to be huge stones and did not use cement to seal them together

  12. As you enter the class… • Please submit your assignment in the basket at the front of the class. • Hand in anything that is signed as well.

  13. The Neolithic Age • Also known as the ‘New Stone Age’ • Referred to the Stone Age because most of our evidence comes from stones and paintings on stones • From approximately 9000 BCE to 3000 BCE • Sedentarization period (when people really start to stay in one area)

  14. Sedentarization • To be sedentary is to stay in one spot for a long time • This occurred due to: • Warmer climates • The discovery of farming • People wanting to stay in one place (constantly moving is tiring and a very difficult life)

  15. Sedentarization in the Neolithic Age • Had four economic activities (activities they had to do to survive) • Hunting (food isn’t constant) • Fishing (food isn’t constant) • Gathering Berries (food isn’t constant) • Agriculture (growing crops from seeds and domesticating animals was a huge step forward for humans!) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_domesticated_animals

  16. Consequences of Sedentarization • Villages formed • Permanent dwellings (houses/buildings) were constructed • Populations rose due to natural increase (an easier life with food and without constant travel meant families could reproduce more often) • Number of inhabitants in an area went from dozens to thousands

  17. As you enter the class…. • Study for 3 minutes to prepare for your quiz. • Think about what you would like to include in your PowerPoint after your quiz.

  18. Consequences of Sedentarization • Herding and farming made the food supply more secure • People now had the opportunity to have a better life by having more food (this meant a social class division began) • Social class division = people with a lot of resources, people with some resources or people with next to none…

  19. Consequences of Sedentarization • Constant food source = not having to move around all the time = people having more time for activities • Developed crafts like pottery (6000 BCE), carvings and metalwork (4500 BCE) to pass the time • Pottery meant people could actually store food and liquids so they start cooking more fancy food

  20. Review for Geography Test! • Canada’s Time Zones • Topographical Maps • Road Maps • Thematic Maps • Provinces/Territories • Capital Cities • Canada’s Oceans • Physiographic Regions • Canadian Shield • Lowlands and Plains • Maps • Geographic Coordinates • Latitude • Longitude • Equator • Prime Meridian • Time zones • Western Cordilerras • Agriculture • Farming and Associated Jobs

  21. Economic Consequences of Sedentarization • People creating different pieces of art meant that dealing /selling food was no longer a priority • Selling their pots, bowls, cups, ornaments, etc. meant that artisans (skilled artist) could now survive off their own income • The concept of MONEY arises during this age…

  22. But what do they do for fun!? • Having extra food available to buy meant that people wanted to have fun because they didn’t have to work as much! • Made flutes and drums for music • Paint • Practiced speaking (originated because of hunting parties) • Invented new tools to make life easier (sickles for grain, mortars to ground flour, etc.)

  23. Economic Consequences of Sedentarization • Sedentarization created division of social classes and division of labour(people have more money so they don’t all do the same things) • Primary Sector = 1st sector = agriculture • Secondary Sector = 2nd sector = manufacturing (creating items) • Tertiary Sector = 3rd sector = tertiary (services to others) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vD4CQ5ppm_A

  24. Review for Quiz… • Concept of money • Pass times • Food = FUN! • Primary Sector • Secondary Sector • Tertiary Sector • Sectors Triangle • Today’s society with agriculture

  25. Comparison to Today’s Society… • Agriculture still provides food • Not as many people rely on it for a job to survive • Most of today’s population is employed in the tertiary sector • Most people buy their food (they don’t grow it)

  26. Comparison to Today’s Society • Different relationships exist: family, professional and commercial • Society depends on the work of others to survive • Trade goods, money and services to get what we want

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