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Chapter X

Chapter X. When can I consider my personal data secure?. How Important is this chapter to undestanding how computers work?. 7. How Important is this chapter to understanding how to use a computer?. 7 or 8. How can I be sure that my files will be available when I need them?.

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Chapter X

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  1. Chapter X When can I consider my personal data secure?

  2. How Important is this chapter to undestanding how computers work? • 7

  3. How Important is this chapter to understanding how to use a computer? • 7 or 8

  4. How can I be sure that my files will be available when I need them? • Data in memory is volatile. • Data in storage is non-volatile so it is always available • As long as it isn’t trashed accidentally or deliberately. • So, when using software (Word, etc.) save often.

  5. How can I be sure that my files will be available when I need them. • BACK UP IMPORTANT DATA • Often • Specifically what should YOU do with your data. • At least once per semester, back up your entire computer if it is at all convenient. • I use a removable hard disk • They are currently cheap

  6. Securing YOUR data (continued) • I back up my “My Documents” folder on a monthly basis, usually burning it to a CD. • My Really important stuff such as this semester’s notes, tests, grades, etc I back up on a weekly basis to two places – another drive on my home network AND a USB flash memory drive • My really, really, really important stuff such as my financial data, I back up every time I use it to a USB flash drive and monthly to a CD.

  7. How can I make my data secure? • Secure data is data that is difficult for OTHERS to access. • There are two basic methods of securing data: • Password systems • Encryption

  8. Password Systems • Username and Password – Good systems will not tell you which one is wrong if one of them is. • Usernames are often given to you so you have no choice as to what to use. • Most people choose their own passwords.

  9. Password Systems (Cont) • Bad things users do: • Easy to guess passwords. • Tell their passwords to friends. • Write their passwords on a paper and leave it near their computer. • Short passwords can be guessed by brute force.

  10. Password Systems (Cont) • If the system is not secured, then the password file may be compromised and all passwords will be unsecured. • Some systems (older versions of Windows) had their password files unencrypted. • The system manager has special powers over users, so if a system manager’s account can be cracked all security is lost.

  11. How can you make good passwords? • Make it long. • Use both letters and digits, maybe even special symbols • Use upper and lower case. • Example: dsitBtitw5 (dr sidbury is the best teacher in the world 5) • Example: P=2*(L+w)

  12. Encryption • Ebub jt fodpefe tp uibu ju epfto’u mppl opsnbm. • Data is encoded so that it doesn’t look normal.

  13. What else can go wrong internally? • Programs may make duplicate copies of data which aren’t secure and may even be sent to developers. • Erased data is not really erased, unless you take special precautions.

  14. What can go wrong externally? • That is, what problems does the use of a network cause? • Keyboard Sniffers • Wire tapping • Trojan Horses • Viruses • Worms

  15. Firewalls – What do they do? • A firewall monitors traffic from one system to another one. • The systems may be individual computers or networks. • Most computers which you buy have a built in firewall. You should configure them or you will not be able to use software correctly.

  16. Firewalls • Unfortunately there are lots of different firewalls, so I can’t help you with details about them. • But we can look at some of the settings on Zone Alarm Pro, which is what I use.

  17. Summary • Data should be safe (not likely to be lost) and secure (hard for someone else to get) • Safety is primarily implemented with backups • Security is implemented with: • Username/Password systems • Encryption • Antivirus • Firewalls

  18. Audit Trail Caesar Cipher Firewall Incremental Backup Persistent Storage Personal Identification Number (PIN) Public Key Encryption Transactions Trojan horses Virus Worm Terminology

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