Chapter 23: The United States and the Old World Order

1. Chapter 23: The United States and the Old World Order Preview:“With the outbreak of World War I, the old order of colonial imperialism and carefully balanced military alliances came crashing down….By its end, Woodrow Wilson’s hopes for a progressive ‘peace without victory’ and a new world order were dashed.” The Highlights: Progressive Diplomacy Woodrow Wilson and Moral Diplomacy The Road to War War and Society The Lost Peace

2. 23-2 Progressive Diplomacy • Big Stick in the Caribbean • Platt Amendment • Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine • A “Diplomatist of the Highest Rank” • Treaty of Portsmouth • Gentlemen’s agreement • Great White Fleet McGraw-Hill

3. 23-3 • Dollar Diplomacy • Private investment to promote economic stability, keep peace, and tie debt ridden countries to the U.S. • Failure dogged Taft overseas and at home McGraw-Hill

4. Woodrow Wilson and Moral Diplomacy 23-4 • Missionary Diplomacy • Exporting American democracy and capitalism • Twenty-One Demands • Intervention Mexico • Mexican Revolution • Pancho Villa’s raid in 1916 McGraw-Hill

5. 23-5 McGraw-Hill

6. 23-6 The Road to War • The Guns of August • Causes of World War I rested on discontent from social and economic changes • Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand • Neutral but Not Impartial • Wilson’s neutral ideals • American economy boomed with the flood of war costs McGraw-Hill

7. 23-7 McGraw-Hill

8. 23-8 • The Diplomacy of Neutrality • Submarine warfare • Sussex pledge • Peace, Preparedness, and the Election of 1916 • A peace movement had taken seed in the United States (1910) • Wilson joined the preparedness cause • Wilson squeaked out a paper-thin victory McGraw-Hill

9. 23-9 “Cultural, economic, and historical ties to the Allies, along with the German campaign of submarine warfare, had tipped the country toward war”(758). • Wilson’s Final Peace Offensive • Zimmermann telegram • The battlefield now seemed the only path to a higher peace McGraw-Hill

10. 23-10 War and Society • The Slaughter of Stalemate • Trench warfare • Bolshevik-controlled government transferred a million soldiers to Germany • “You’re in the Army Now” • Selective Service Act (1917) • Mexican Americans and African Americans volunteered in disproportionately high numbers McGraw-Hill

11. 23-11 • Mobilizing the Economy • War Industries Board • Bureaucratic state • War Work • National War Labor Board • Women in the workforce • Great Migrations • Latino migrations • African Americans McGraw-Hill

12. 23-12 McGraw-Hill

13. 23-13 • Propaganda and Civil Liberties • Committee on Public Information • 100 percent Americanism • Espionage and Sedition acts • Over There • Wilson’s Fourteen Points • The U.S. emerged from the war stronger than ever McGraw-Hill

14. 23-14 • The Influenza Pandemic of 1918-1919 • Armed Services hit hard by flu outbreak • Global spread of the pandemic • The Lost Peace • Wilson arrived at Paris peace conference to a world of problems • Wilson handpicked the peace commission and did not include one Republican McGraw-Hill

15. “Wilson’s sweeping call for reform had taken the Allied leaders by surprise. Hungry for new colonies, eager to see Germany crushed and disarmed, they had already drawn up secret treaties dividing the territories of the Central Powers”(769). 23-15 • The Treaty of Versailles • Wilson hailed as “peacemaker from America” • Russians were absent from the convention • League of Nations McGraw-Hill

16. 23-16 • The Battle for the Treaty • Lodge worried the League would force Americans to subject themselves to ‘the will of other nations.” • Wilson’s stroke • Treaty of Versailles was dead and loyal Democrats were forced to deliver the killing blow • Red Scare • Radicals and labor unrest • Palmer raids McGraw-Hill