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EUROPEAN UNION

Learn about the treaties that led to the creation of the European Union and the key institutions and policies that drive its economic integration. Discover the member countries and the impact of the EU on various sectors.

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EUROPEAN UNION

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  1. EUROPEAN UNION

  2. 1. CREATION OF THE EU • TheEuropeanUnionisaneconomic and politicalassociation of 28 Europeancountries. • Itwascreatedbasingonsometreatiesthathavebeensignedsincetheend of WW2.

  3. 1.1. Treaty of Paris, 1951 • Creation of theEUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY (CECA). • Itwassignedby France, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands , Luxembourg (Benelux) and WesterGermany. • Itcreated a free tradeareaforcoal and steel.

  4. 1.2. Treaty of Rome, 1957 • Itwassignedbythesamecountries. • Creation of EuropeanEconomicComunity (CEE) orCommonMarket. • Themainaimswerethe free movement of goods, capitals and people, suppressingthetariffsbetweenthem. • ItalsocreatedEURATOM (EuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity) forthedevelopment of the nuclear energywithpacificgoals-

  5. Treaty of Rome

  6. 1.3. Treaty of Maastricht, 1992 • Itmadethe EEC becometheEuropeanUnion. • Itwassignedbythe 12 members at themoment. • Thepillars are: • Economicand monetaryunion. • Commonforeing and securitypolicies. • Cooperation in judicial matters.

  7. EuropeanUnion • Germany • France • Italy • Benelux • UK • Ireland • Denmark • Greece • Portugal • Spain

  8. 1.4. Treatiesof Amsterdam, Nice and thecreation of Euro. • Treaty of Amsterdam, 1997: • Reinforced free movement of people • CreateEuropol, aboutcommonsecurity. • Treatyof Nice, 2001: • Reformedtheinstitutions and reinforcedtheseparation of powerswith a viewtothefutureenlargement. • Creation of Euro, 1999: • The single currentcameintocirculation in 2002 in many of theEuropeanCountries

  9. 1.5. Treaty of Lisbon, 2007 • This treaty gave greater power to the European Parliament . • This treaty substituted the non-passed project of European Constitution

  10. VIDEO ABOUT EURO AND EU

  11. 2. Members of the EU • 1957:Italy, Western Germany, France, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxemburg. • 1973: UK, Ireland, and Denmark. • 1981: Greece • 1986: Spain and Portugal. • 1995: Austria, Sweden, and Finland. • o 2004:Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, CzechRepublic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Malta, and Cyprus. • 2007:Romania and Bulgaria • 2013: Croatia

  12. ENTRADA ESPAÑA UE, VIDEOal/informe-semanal-firma-para-historia/798153/

  13. 3. Institutions • 3.1. EuropeanParliament (Parlamento Europeo) • 3.2. European Council. (Consejo Europeo) • 3.3. Council of the EU (Consejo de la UE) • 3.4. EuropeanCommision (Comisión Europea) • 3.5. Court of Justice of the EU (Tribunal de Justicia de la UE) • 3.6. Otherinstitutions

  14. 3.1. EuropeanParliament • It is composed of the members of the Parliament that have been elected in universal suffrage by the European citizens in the European elections held every five years. • The number of deputies per country is based on the population

  15. It exercises the legislative branch together with the Council of the European Union. It controls the work of the European Commission and approved the EU budget jointly with the Council. • Today: majorityEuropean People´sParty • This EU Parliament is located in Strasbourg (France).

  16. 3.2. European Council • It is composed by all the Heads of State or Government of all the member countries. The president of the European Council is elected every 2½ years, today is DonaldTusk. • Its main function is to guarantee the continuity of the Council’s work and takes decisions about EU policy. • The number of votes in the Council is based on the population of the country.

  17. 3.3. Council of the UE • Its presidency rotates among the member countries every six months. Today: Latvia, 30th of june: Luxemburg. • It is composed of the ministers of the member states. There are different areas that meet to discuss about them. • It is responsible for passing EU laws and approving the budget together with the Parliament. It also coordinates economic policies.

  18. 3.4. EuropeanCommission • It is composed of a president (been elected by the EU governments basing on the results of the EU elections) and commissioners (one per state) who cover with some specific areas. • It exercises the executive power. • The president is Jean Claude Juncker.

  19. 3.5. Court of Justice of the EU • It is composed of one judge from each EU state • Its main function is to make sure that EU laws are interpreted and applied in the same way across the EU.

  20. 3.6. Otherinstitutions • Economic and Social Committee: represents groups in civil society . • EuropeanCentral Bank: is in charge of managing the euro and EU monetary policy. President: Mario Draghi.

  21. 4. Economicintegration • There are manyeconomicpoliciescarriedoutbythe EU: • European Central Bank: wehavetalkedbefore. • EuropeanEnergyPolicy: promote a responsible use of energy and to combat climate change • CommonAgriculturalPolicy(PAC): • It means to promote high quality agricultural production respecting the environment and helps the farmers. • It has also imposed quotas so that there is not agricultural surplus.

  22. Política Agraria Común (PAC)

  23. 4.1. Founds • Structural funds. They mean to reduce those differences and to promote development of those regions. • European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). It offers financial help to the least developed regions. • European Social Fund (FSE). It means to improve employment opportunities for jobless people and prepares workers.

  24. 4.1. Founds • The Cohesion Fund is for those regions whose GDP is lower than 90% of the EU average.

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