Chemical Compounds

1. Chemical Compounds Chapter 15 Preview CRCT Preparation

2. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 1. What kind of carbon backbone does the figure represent? Aan alkyne chain Ba ring chain Ca branched chain Da straight chain

3. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 1. What kind of carbon backbone does the figure represent? Aan alkyne chain Ba ring chain C a branched chain Da straight chain

4. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 2. Antacids usually contain bases. Which of the following best describes the reaction between antacids and stomach acid? AA neutralization reaction occurs, producing neutral compounds. BThe products formed are more acidic than stomach acid. CThe antacid becomes bright red in the presence of stomach acid. DThe products formed contain different elements than those contained in antacid and stomach acid.

5. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 2. Antacids usually contain bases. Which of the following best describes the reaction between antacids and stomach acid? A A neutralization reaction occurs, producing neutral compounds. BThe products formed are more acidic than stomach acid. CThe antacid becomes bright red in the presence of stomach acid. DThe products formed contain different elements than those contained in antacid and stomach acid.

6. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 3. Which of the following substances is a lipid? Aglucose Bcarbohydrate Cfat Dprotein

7. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 3. Which of the following substances is a lipid? Aglucose Bcarbohydrate C fat Dprotein

8. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 4. A compound dissolved in water turns red litmus paper blue and changes the indicator bromthymol blue to dark blue. What kind of compound is it? Aan acid Ba base Clemon juice Dtable salt

9. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 4. A compound dissolved in water turns red litmus paper blue and changes the indicator bromthymol blue to dark blue. What kind of compound is it? Aan acid B a base Clemon juice Dtable salt

10. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 5. A salt solution conducts an electric current, but a sugar solution does not. Which of the following statements best describes why a sugar solution does not conduct an electric current? ASugar molecules are held together by ionic bonds. BCovalent compounds cannot conduct electric currents. CSugar molecules form ions in water. DSugar molecules are not charged.

11. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 5. A salt solution conducts an electric current, but a sugar solution does not. Which of the following statements best describes why a sugar solution does not conduct an electric current? ASugar molecules are held together by ionic bonds. BCovalent compounds cannot conduct electric currents. CSugar molecules form ions in water. D Sugar molecules are not charged.

12. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 6. The pH of some common household substances is listed in the table. Which substance would most likely feel slippery? Alemon juice Bvinegar Cmilk Dammonia

13. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 6. The pH of some common household substances is listed in the table. Which substance would most likely feel slippery? Alemon juice Bvinegar Cmilk D ammonia

14. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 7. What factor does the pH scale measure? Athe concentration of sodium ions in a solution Bthe concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution Cthe concentration of glycogen ions in a solution Dthe concentration of hydronium ions in a solution

15. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 7. What factor does the pH scale measure? Athe concentration of sodium ions in a solution Bthe concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution Cthe concentration of glycogen ions in a solution D the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution

16. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 8. All organic compounds are based on which element? Ahydrogen Bcarbon Coxygen Dnitrogen

17. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 8. All organic compounds are based on which element? Ahydrogen B carbon Coxygen Dnitrogen

18. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 9. A chemist is identifying an unknown white solid. The sample consists of a single compound. The first step in the identification process involves deciding if the compound is covalent or ionic. Describe two pieces of information the chemist could gather in order to decide if this compound is covalent or ionic. Explain your answer.

19. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 • 9. Answer - Full-credit answers should include two of the following points: • The chemist could measure the compound’s melting point. Melting points of ionic compounds are usually higher than those of covalent compounds. • The chemist could see if the substance dissolves in water. Many ionic compounds dissolve in water, while most (but not all) covalent compounds do not. • The chemist could measure the electrical conductivity of a solution containing the compound. Solutions of ionic compounds conduct electric current, while solutions of covalent compounds do not.

20. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 10. When you add a small amount of a weak acid to a sample of seawater, a neutralization reaction occurs. What can you conclude about the pH of seawater?

21. CRCT Preparation Chapter 15 10. Answer - The seawater must be basic if a neutralization reaction happens when an acid is added. So, the pH of the seawater must be greater than 7.