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Socioeconomic Influences on Substance Abuse and Incarcerations in Grenada

Socioeconomic Influences on Substance Abuse and Incarcerations in Grenada. Authors: Dr. Hegamin -Younger , C. Dr. Durgampudi, P. Dr. Akpinar - Elci, M. Background/Aim.

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Socioeconomic Influences on Substance Abuse and Incarcerations in Grenada

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  1. Socioeconomic Influences on Substance Abuse and Incarcerations in Grenada Authors: Dr. Hegamin-Younger, C. Dr. Durgampudi, P. Dr. Akpinar-Elci, M.

  2. Background/Aim • Crises- Political, Social, Economic, Military (‘Transitional Events’) can change socio-economic variables that can sometimes lead to increases in the numbers of people who engage in high-risk drug (and sexual) networks and behaviors and in the riskiness of what they do • Variables that these ‘Transitional Events’ affect may include population displacement; economic difficulties and policies; health services; migration; which, in turn, • Affect normative regulation, social distancing, networks andbehaviors Friedman, S. R.; Rossi, D. & Braine, N. 2009

  3. Autonomous action, to maintain the economic welfare, health or happiness may affect many of these variables or otherwise mediate changes following the transitions • We thus hypothesize that knowing these causal pathways will/can help us understand to plan intervention measures for prevention or mitigation of harm

  4. Transitional Events involving Grenada (2000-2009) • Global Events • Economic slowdown (2009) • Terrorist Event (2001) • Regional Events • Hurricanes Emily (2005) • Hurricane Ivan (2004) • Tropical Storm Lili (2002)- minor affect on GND

  5. Setting and Study Design • This study uses the data obtained from the Drug Control Secretariat • Incarcerated demographic data: 2006-2009 • Statistical Indicators: 1998-2008 • Tri-Island state of Grenada and all other nationals involved were counted • Sample size of 247

  6. Design (contd.,) • Stratified according to the • Age of incarceration • Parish of residence • Nationality • Religion • Education and • Income status

  7. Findings

  8. Female Summary • Non-nationals • Less than 40 years • Educated • Steady Income • Activity centers in St. George’s and St. Andrews

  9. Male Summary • Nationals • Older • Unsteady income • Less education • Activity centers in economic centers and port areas

  10. Conclusions • The study is a small portion of what happens in the community • Women are more likely to be traffickers, reflecting international trade • Men reflect the local market

  11. Recommendations • Recommendations: • Important to note is that Grenada is a transnational shipment point with drugs coming via ocean and leaving via air • Most of the drug arrests are due to economic factors • Increase in Social security net • Sustainable Employment opportunities • (Adult) Vocational Education • Examine the impact of culture on the use of marijuana • Expand the data that are collected

  12. Limitations • The impact of drugs on society • People arrested represent the lowest level in the drug chain • Drug use and abuse information • Impact of alcohol

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