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The UNILANG national language certification scheme and the Language Learning Framework for Arabic. Mark Critchley, Association of University Language Communities in the UK & Ireland mark.critchley@durham.ac.uk. Scene Setting UNILANG Language Learning Framework Next Steps. Arabic in UKHE.
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The UNILANG national language certification scheme and the Language Learning Framework for Arabic Mark Critchley, Association of University Language Communities in the UK & Ireland mark.critchley@durham.ac.uk
Scene Setting UNILANG Language Learning Framework Next Steps
Arabic in UKHE • Why study Arabic? • 5th most widely spoken language in the world • One of the 6 official languages of the United Nations • 4th most widely used language of the internet • 4th most important language for UK learners to acquire • Economic reasons • Diplomatic reasons
Arabic in UKHE Arabic is the 9th most commonly taught language at degree level (22% of institutions) Arabic is the 7th most commonly taught language at IWLP (80% of institutions) Arabic accounts for c. 10% of language teaching provision in UKHE
Languages in UKHE • More demand from students, more flexibility and diversity • Greater need for comparability • Greater need for consistency • Greater need for professionalisation
UNILANG national language certification scheme • Recognition of competency in language learning against a common benchmark • Referenced to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) • Accredited using an External Examiner network • www.unilang.ac.uk
UNILANG national language certification scheme • Pilot years completed 2015/16 to 2018/19 • 11 participating Universities – IWLP only at the moment • French, German, Italian, Spanish • 52 approved external examiners – 2 in Arabic • Approved examiners must be familiar with the CEFR: requires training
UNILANG national language certification scheme • Assessment of CEFR level is different to the marking scheme. A module pass mark might be 40%. However a student may need to achieve 60-70% to demonstrate fulfilment of CEFR competencies; • Need to consider module learning outcomes in relation to the CEFR • Need to understand the correlation between modules and CEFR bands
The Language Learning Framework • AULC project from 2016-2018; supported by the British Academy • Intended to introduce consistency into language course design • Considered the 10 most commonly taught languages in IWLP • Romance languages (French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish) • German • Russian • Arabic • East Asian languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) • Explicitly linked to the CEFR
The Language Learning Framework • Typical recommendation of 1:2 ratio between class time and self-study • Fewer contact hours = slower progress • Contact hours cannot be replaced by more self-study • Easy-paced courses (e.g. evening classes) inevitably result in less self-study • The more intensive the course, the better the progress (in the short-term at least) • Truly intensive courses do not give students much time for self-study
The Language Learning Framework • In-depth assumes 3h/w teaching, delivered in the day time • Easy-paced assumes 2h/w teaching, usually in the evening • More contact time per week will reduce the overall time by an unquantified amount, perhaps 20% • Progress is better on longer courses, largely due to fewer breaks in study • The Framework does not take into account immersive study in-country
The Language Learning Framework - Arabic • 90 hours of class time to reach A1 • 220 hours of class time to reach A2 • 340 hours of class time to reach B1, with increasing self-study • 490 hours of class time to reach B2, with increased self-study • Ratio of 1:1 between class time and self-study at A1/A2 • 2x teaching duration c/w French & Spanish • 6 hours per week means B1 by the time students go on a Year Abroad • 2 hours per week means 4 semester-long courses to reach A1
Next Steps for Arabic • Agree that CEFR alignment is an expectation • Train Arabic teachers in familiarisation with CEFR terminology and descriptors • Consider the role of dialect in the CEFR, increasingly prominent from A2-B1 onwards • Review and adopt the Language Learning Framework, including a “fast-track” version • Alignment of courses with CEFR • Standardisation of assessment tasks according to CEFR descriptors • Implement UNILANG for standardised language certification
Objectives for Arabic • Demonstrate equivalence with European languages • Professionalise the teaching of Arabic language in the UK • Improve strategies for recruitment of students
References British Academy Arabic Mapping Project (2018) Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA, 2017/18) Language Provision in UK MFL Departments (UCML, 2018) Survey of Institution-wide language provision (AULC/UCML, annual) British Council – Languages for the Future (2017) Common European Framework of Reference (Council of Europe - https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-reference-languages/level-descriptions) Language Learning Framework (AULC - http://www.aulc.org/documents/)
شكراً mark.critchley@durham.ac.uk