16. Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices 1. Flight and navigation instruments

1. 16. Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices1. Flight and navigation instruments ALL AIRCRAFT SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH: • A magnetic compass • An accurate timepiece indicating time in hours, minutes and seconds • A sensitive pressure altimeter, adjustable for changes in barometric pressure • An airspeed indicator • A pressure-altitude transponder capable of automatic reporting of data required for flight in controlled airspace • A VHF radio capable of two-way communication with ATC and aeronautical emergency services and receiving weather information • Other instruments or equipment as prescribed by the IAA An aircraft on a VFR flight (including an SVFR flight) in controlled airspace should have at least the following additional equipment • A turn and slip indicator or • A gyroscopic pitch and bank indicator with a gyroscopic direction indicator and means of confirming satisfactory power supply to the instruments

2. 16. Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices2. Power unit instruments and equipment (piston engines) For each engine:- • Fuel content indicator(s) • Stick gauge (dipstick) for each oil tank • Cockpit oil content indicator • Oil pressure indicator • Oil temperature indicator • Tachometer • Manifold pressure indicator (where needed for engine control) • Ignition switches • Coolant outlet temperature (liquid-cooled engines) • Other instruments or equipment as prescribed by the IAA

3. 16. Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices3. Miscellaneous safety equipment • Portable fire extinguisher(s), nontoxic discharge, easily accessible • First Aid kit, easily accessible • A seat for every occupant over 3 years old • A safety belt or harness for every seat • Current maps and charts for the route to be flown and possible diversions, including airfield approach charts and procedures • Ground/air signals for search and rescue purposes • Spare electrical fuses (25% of the number of each rating fitted, or three, whichever is the greater) • A list of visual signals and procedures for use by intercepting/intercepted aircraft • Additional equipment as prescribed by the IAA for use in areas where search and rescue may be difficult (e.g. flight over water) Note: Additional equipment is required for night flying