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FASCIST ITALY

FASCIST ITALY. 1922 - 1945. Italy Before Fascism. Constitutional Monarchy. WWI: Huge losses (3 rd after Russia and France). End of WWI: Left with a poor economy and many social issues. - High unemployment rates - National debt - Inflation

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FASCIST ITALY

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  1. FASCIST ITALY 1922 - 1945

  2. Italy Before Fascism • Constitutional Monarchy. • WWI: Huge losses (3rd after Russia and France). • End of WWI: Left with a poor economy and many social issues. - High unemployment rates - National debt - Inflation • Didn’t obtain all the territory they had been promised in the Treaty of London.

  3. 1920 Factory Occupations Assembly of 600,000 workers in a Fiat factory in an attempt to overthrow the capitalist regime.

  4. Benito Mussolini: Background • Childhood • Early Political Beliefs • Italian Fascist Party

  5. Mussolini’s rise to Power • Economic Factors • Political actors • Social Factors

  6. Benito Mussolini in 1938 1922: The March in Rome

  7. How Mussolini’s regime worked • Belief in the superiority of the nation’s people. • Absolute power of the state. • Corporatism: state controls labor and factory owners. • Extreme patriotism:glory of the nation, fear of outside threats. • Militarism and imperialism: other “weaker” nations were supposed to be conquered. Poster announcing the 10th anniversary of the coup d’état which brought Mussolini to power.

  8. Cult of the leader: known as “Il Duce”, the duke. Became a sort of national legend. • Repression of anti-fascists was less violent that in Germany. • A sort of secret police, “the Black shirts”, who put into line those who opposed Mussolini by using violence and intimidation. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJpp3ipxKzU Link to one of Mussolini’s speeches. Propaganda poster from Mussolini’s regime, it reads: “One for all, one for the Duce.”

  9. Italyunder Mussolini • Extreme nationalism: build up the prestige and greatness of nation. • Total obedience to authority: “Believe, Obey, Fight!” • Autarky: government directed the economic life of the nation. • Attempt to end class warfare by promoting co-operation between employers and workers: “The Corporative State”. • Military strength and violence: “Peace is absurd: fascism does not believe in it” – Mussolini. • Censorship: a strict press censorship was enforced. • Education: closely supervised. • Religion: The Lateran treaty of 1929.

  10. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1540784

  11. The Fall of Fascism • 25 April, 1945: Liberation Day. • 27 April : Mussolini & his mistress attempt to flee Italy but get caught by Italian partisans. • 28 April : Mussolini is shot. US news coverage ofMussolini’s execution Article from the Anti-Fascist party on the day of Mussolini’s death.

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