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Gametogenesis Fertilization

2B: creating sperm and egg 2D: fertilization creates new genetic combinations 2E: each parent contributes half of their DNA 2F: sex chromosomes determine sex. Gametogenesis Fertilization. Objectives:. I will be able to differentiate between gametogenesis and fertilization

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Gametogenesis Fertilization

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  1. 2B: creating sperm and egg 2D: fertilization creates new genetic combinations 2E: each parent contributes half of their DNA 2F: sex chromosomes determine sex GametogenesisFertilization

  2. Objectives: • I will be able to differentiate between gametogenesis and fertilization • I will be able to ___that half of my genes come from my ___; the other half come from my ___. • I will be able to ___that I am a new combination of my ___ and ___. • I will be able to ___that girls have ____chromosomes and boys have ___chromosome

  3. Homologous Chromosomes • Have the same kind of genes in the same order • 1 from father, 1 from mother Sister chromatids (Blue, orange) Definitions Chromosome - linear DNA molecule Centromere - special region of spindle attachment

  4. Homologous Chromosomes DNA Replication Chromatids Chromatids Definitions A chromatid pair has an identical sequence of DNA

  5. Grand Scheme Mitosis Meiosis 2N 2N Replicate Division Replicate Division 2N 2N 2N 2N Division N N N N

  6. Meiosis Produce 4 haploid gametes through • Interphase – replication of DNA • Meiosis I – separation of homologous chromosomes • Meiosis II – separation of sister chromatids Only occurs in ovary/testis

  7. Gametogenesis

  8. Differences between male and female Meiosis In Humans

  9. Fertilization • Half of the chromosomes from each parent. • Haploid-> Diploid • Genetic combination-> Variation • Zygote has a new combination ( new genes-> mutation)

  10. B B b b 4 Possible combinations sperm ovum BB Bb fertilization bB bb 4 possible combinations of genes: BB, Bb and bB= brown eyes bb gives rise to blue eyes

  11. X and Y chromosomes • XX= female • XY = Male • Sperms determine the sex of the zygote • If the egg is fertilized by a sperm with an X chromosome, what will be the sex of the zygote? • A human male gets his X chromosome from _?

  12. XX YY XXYY O XY XX O XY Y O O Y XXY XXY XO XO XXX XO XY XY Mutation Non-disjunction XXYY XY XXYY X Klinefelter’s Syndrome Turner’s Syndrome

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