ANNUAL STATUS OF EDUCATION REPORT 2011 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa & FATA

1. ANNUAL STATUS OF EDUCATION REPORT 2011 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa& FATA National Launch in Islamabad: January 26, 2012 Provincial Launch in Peshawar: February 8, 2012

2. ASER PAKISTAN 2010-2015 ASER - The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) is a citizen led large scale national household survey about the quality of education in rural and some urban areas of Pakistan. Inspired by the ASER India & East Africa UWEZO methodology it seeks to fill a gap on learning outcomes by providing a reliable set of data at the national level on an annual basis, that is comprehensive and easy to understand. The survey’s objectives are three fold: • To get reliable estimates of the status of children’s schooling and basic learning (reading and arithmetic level)      • To measure the change in these basic learning and school statistics from last year • To interpret these results and use them to affect policy decisions at various levels.

3. Scale & Scope of Survey Coverage : In all five provinces i.e. Sindh, Balochistan, Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Gilgit Baltistan, and FATA & AJK.- Rural Phase I : Year I 2010 – 32 districts across Pakistan Phase II: Year II 2011 – 85 districts across Pakistan (84 Rural + 3 Urban /2 overlap with rural districts) Phase III : Years III, IV , V all districts across Pakistan (138 districts) Sample: 600 households per district. Two-stage stratified sample;   30 Villages will be selected randomly using the village directory of the latest Census. The Probability Proportional to Size Sampling (PPS) technique will be adopted as an appropriate one when the sampling units are of different sizes. 20 households per village (quadrants) 5 from each Nuances between public and private schools. In each village profile 1 govt. and 1 private school- Gender disaggregated data

4. ASER Pakistan Assessment Tools Grade II • ASER Assessment tools are prepared in following Categories • Reading • Urdu • Sindhi Language • Arithmetic abilities • English

6. Section I : Scale of Survey

7. ASER 2011

8. ASER 2011 KP: 419 Villages & 36 Blocks, 8706 Household, 25301Children, 9326Mothers and 445Govt School & 290Pvt School surveyed FATA: 60 Villages, 1200 HH, 4508 Children, 1555 Mothers and 50 Gov schools & 24 Pvt schools surveyed

9. Scale: • Pilot Year in 2008 – 11 districts • 2010 – 32 districts • 2011 – 85 districts, 84 rural and 3 urban. • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa • 4 districts in 2010 • 14 districts in 2011 • Peshawar Urban was also surveyed for the first time • FATA • 2 Agencies in 2011

10. 14 Districts were surveyed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The districts with * were surveyed in 2010 as well.

11. Section II : Access?

12. Enrollment (6-16 years) - KP • 85% of 6-16 year olds in rural Punjab are enrolled in schools • 15% children are out of school • Rural Peshawar enrollment • in Govt schools (50%) • is greater than • Urban Peshawar (28%) • 28% Rural children • enrolled in private/ • non-state sector • Peshawar (Urban) 72% • children enrolled in • private sector

13. Inter-province Comparison Enrollment • Enrollment for boys higher as compared to girls in all provinces • Difference most significant in FATA! • Boys enrolment (65%) nearly double that of girls (35%) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

14. District Wise Enrollment -KP • Among the 14 Districts surveyed, Tank has the highest number of out-of-school children (24%), followed by Charsada. • Swat has the lowest number of out-of-school children (4.4%)

15. Class Wise Enrollment • Enrollment decreases sharply as class level increases KP FATA

16. Out of school Children • Gender difference for out of school children very significant in KP and FATA for this age 6-10 years KP FATA Action : Important to ensure that mainstreamed children, especially girls, are sustained in school over time.

17. Enrollment - Urban • Gender Gap highest in Peshawar compared to Lahore & Karachi KARACHI PESHAWAR LAHORE

18. Pre-School Enrollment - KP • Enrollment of children of 3 - 5 years 45.2% in 2011 in KP • Enrollment lowest in Peshawar Urban (41%) compared to Karachi and Lahore Urban (69% and 59% respectively) Action : Early years need the best investment – the foundation years for future learning. Special attention and resources needed to increase enrollment with trained teachers and safe learning environment .

19. Section III : Quality?

20. Learning levels – Urdu Std 2 level text ASER tools are created after analyzing textbooks As compared to other provinces, KP has the Lowest level of learning for Class 5 Urdu

21. Leaning levels – English Std 2 level text • Almost 64% children in KP and 65% in FATA may complete primary without learning to read sentences at grade II competencies

22. Basic Arithmetic levels Std 2 level Almost 71% children in KP and 72% in FATA may complete primary without learning how to do division at grade II competencies

23. Learning levels – Urdu - KP • Swat ranks highest in URDU Reading Levels, but 2nd last in case of Arithmetic. • Bannuconsistently comes last in terms of learning levels in URDU, ENGLISH and ARITHMETIC . • The consistently better districts in all three subjects include • D. I. Khan • Mardan • The consistently worse districts include • Peshawar • Batagram

24. Learning levels – Public vs. Private KP • Almost 42% of the children in Government schools and 65% of children in private schools may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in English at grade II competencies • 72%children in government and 58%children in private schools in class 5 are still unable to read a class 2 level Urdu text • Almost 68%of the children in Government schools and 58% of children in private schools may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in English at grade II competencies • 74% children in government and 61% children in private schools are still unable to do Class 2 level division 50% of children in Government and 70% children in Private schools may complete primary school without learning to do basic arithmetic at grade II level 33% of children in Government and 69.5% children in Private schools may complete primary school without learning to read at grade II level fluently. Reading levels better in Private schools for both English and Urdu

25. Learning levels – Public vs. Private FATA • Almost 42% of the children in Government schools and 65% of children in private schools may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in English at grade II competencies • 70%children in government and 58%children in private schools in class 5 are still unable to read a class 2 level Urdu text • Almost 76%of the children in Government schools and 50% of children in private schools may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in English at grade II competencies • 81% children in government and 56% children in private schools are still unable to do Class 2 level division 50% of children in Government and 70% children in Private schools may complete primary school without learning to do basic arithmetic at grade II level 33% of children in Government and 69.5% children in Private schools may complete primary school without learning to read at grade II level fluently. Reading levels better in Private schools for both English and Urdu

26. Learning levels– Boys vs. Girls - KP Reading levels better for boys in Urdu, English and Arithmetic

27. Learning levelsBoys vs. Girls - FATA Reading levels better for boys in Urdu, English and Arithmetic

28. Learning Levels for Out of School Children • 5.4% of out-of-school children could read a sentence in Urdu In KP and 3 % in FATA.

29. Section IV : Private Supplementary Tuition?

30. Additional learning support • FATA has highest tuition for children in private schools (46.8%) Rural

31. Section V: Attendance?

32. Attendance- KP • Students “attendance as per register” higher compared to “attendance as per headcount” – faulty registering? • Teachers attendance lowest at the Primary level –80.8% in Government schools and 85.1% in Private schools ; • Overall better attendance in Private sector

33. Attendance- FATA • Teachers attendance lowest at the Primary level – 78% in Government schools and 76% in Private schools ; • Overall better attendance in Private sector

34. Section VI : Other dimensions that influence teaching and learning?

35. Mother’s Literacy • Percentage of Illiterate mothers: • 72% in Rural KP. • 87% in Rural FATA! • As compared to Urban Lahore and Karachi, Urban Peshawar has the highest % of illiterate mothers (39%)

36. Basic Facilities – Toilet and Water KP FATA • FATA ranks lowest in provision of clean water (28%) in primary schools!

37. Basic Facilities – Playground and Boundary Wall KP FATA

38. Section VII: FATA; A special case to consider • Second lowest enrollment – 25.3% children out of school • Lowest girls enrollment – only 22% • Highest % of out of school girls 6-10 years of age when compared to boys (8.5% girls compared to 4.2 % boys) • Worst girls enrollment even in Private schools – 14.2% • Highest incidence of tuition in Private schools! – 46.8% • Lowest rank in Urdu Learning level – 24.4% can read story • Second lowest rank for English and Arithmetic learning (18.3% can read sentences and 15.9% can do division) • Lowest level of mother’s literacy – 12.8% • Lowest in provision of clean water (28%), third lowest in provision of usable toilets (25%) in primary schools

39. Section VIII: How far have we come on RTE compliance? Article 25 A : “The state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of five to sixteen years in such a manner as may be determined by Law”

40. How can ASER 2011 inform the planning, resourcing and implementation  of 25 A? • ASER can help assess education with respect to: • Access • Quality • Equity • Planning according to district based assessment • Use of ASER data and teams for advocacy on Right to Education – focusing on gender & the excluded groups • Forming District RTE Committees (DRCs) across the country and working with other coalitions/alliances/media, teachers and bar associations.

41. For more information visit: www.aserpakistan.org Email: safedafed@gmail.com