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Production of Energy

Production of Energy. Respiration & Glycolysis Unit 4 3.4.4. Objectives. Gain an overview of respiration as a process Understand glycolysis. Expected outcome. Name the stages of aerobic respiration Define key terms related to respiration Explain how glycolysis occurs

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Production of Energy

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  1. Production of Energy Respiration & Glycolysis Unit 4 3.4.4

  2. Objectives • Gain an overview of respiration as a process • Understand glycolysis

  3. Expected outcome • Name the stages of aerobic respiration • Define key terms related to respiration • Explain how glycolysis occurs • Summarise the process of glycolysis

  4. Respiration- Key terms OIL RIG Oxidation is loss Reduction is gain

  5. NAD – nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide • Can accept a hydrogen atom • http://www.biotopics.co.uk/JmolApplet/nadjdisplay.html

  6. Respiration- Overview • Where do these reactions occur? • Glycolysis • Link Reaction & Krebs Cycle • Electron Transport Chain

  7. Take one clean piece of paper • Name • Carbon number • Conversions • Enzymes • ATP gain / loss

  8. Glucose 6-phosphate Fructose 6-phosphate Glucose Glucose 6-phosphate Fructose 1-6-bisphosphate Fructose 6-phosphate

  9. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase Glycerate 1,3-bisphosphate Glycerate 3-phosphate

  10. Phosphoglyceratemutase glycerate- 2-phosphate phosphoenolpyruvate Pyruvate Pyruvatekinase (with Mg cofactor)

  11. Link reaction– next step from glycolysis towards Krebs cycle Acetyl coenzyme A Pyruvate

  12. Glycolysis Use the diagram to write a summary paragraph for glycolysis. Ensure you refer to oxidation, reduction and phosphorylation. What is the net production of ATP from Glycolysis?

  13. Energy Production from Glycolysis • 2 ATP are used up to phosphorylate glucose and fructose 6-phosphate. • Energy is released to synthesise ATP from ADP from glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate • Energy is released to synthesise ATP from ADP from phosphoenolpyruvate • These reactions are substrate level phosporylation. • Net gain of ATP is therefore 2. • 2 molecules of NADH + H+ can pass through electron transport chains. • This can, in aerobic conditions, result in the generation in two or 3 molecules of ATP. • Potential gain is therefore 6 to 8 molecules of ATP

  14. Glycolysistakes place in the cytoplasm and involves the oxidation of glucose to pyruvatewith a net gain of ATP and reduced NAD

  15. ATP synthesis • Substrate-level phosphorylation • Oxidative phosphorylation • Plants - photophosphorylation

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