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Topic 1 - BACTERIAL CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES

Topic 1 - BACTERIAL CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES. Topic content. Characterisation of species Binomial system Problems of classification Phylogenetic classification Numerical taxonomy. Characterisation of species. Taxonomist discover 200 yrs ago

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Topic 1 - BACTERIAL CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES

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  1. Topic 1 - BACTERIAL CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  2. Topic content • Characterisation of species • Binomial system • Problems of classification • Phylogenetic classification • Numerical taxonomy MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  3. Characterisation of species • Taxonomist discover 200 yrs ago • Taxonomy-field of biological species classification • Many m/o look alike to be classified according to the structure • Literally hundreds of bacterial species are small rods or small cocci MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  4. Shapes MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  5. Arrangements MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  6. Bacterial morphology List down types of bacterial shapes that can be found in above picture. MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  7. Binomial system Taxonomic Hierarchy • A number of species make up a genus, related genera make up a family. • Scientific name for m/o (Genus species) How to write these names?? • Vibriocholerae • Staphylococcus sp • E.coli MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  8. Question?/// • Define taxa Genus Species Strain Taxonomy MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  9. Problems in classification1. General problems • Establishing a standard names for organisms so that we can communicate about them • Usually classified according to their phylogenetic or evolutionary, but not always easy • Leads to introduction of a dichotomous key MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  10. Dichotomous key • Has paired statements describing characteristic of organisms • Paired statement can only have one statement true • Each paired statement relate to each other MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  11. MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  12. Reasons causing problems • Deciding what constitutes a species– because of some bacteria have the similar characteristics so taxonomist try to tolerate the organism within species • Deciding what constitutes a kingdom– because most of organism having sexually reproduction so have vary factors affecting the variable of the characteristics MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  13. Focusing on bacterial classification • Other organism categorized from domain to species, but for prokaryotic cell, start from strain to genus • However facing problems reaching the classes and orders level • Wide range of studies needed on identification and building up taxonomy of bacteria MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  14. MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  15. Phylogenetic classificationHierarchy • domain – Bacteria • kingdom – none assign for bacteria • phylum – Proteobacteria • class – Gamma-proteobacteria • order – Enterobacteriales • family – Enterobacteriacea • genus – Eschericia • Species – E.coli start MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  16. Three domain system classification MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  17. Numerical taxonomy • Based on the idea that increasing the number of characteristics of organisms that we observe, increases the accuracy with which we can detect similarities among them • The more characteristics of two organisms share, the closer their evolutionary relationship • By laboratory investigation, the similarities and differences will be detected and categorized in particular group MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  18. MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  19. MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

  20. Terminologies (answer) • Taxa – subdivisions used to classify organism: domain, kingdom, phylum • Phylogeny / sytematic – the evolutionary history of a group of organism; phylogenetic relationships are evolutionary relationship • Taxonomy – the science of the classification of organism MIC250 by Miss Rashidah Iberahim

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