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Television Development

Television Development. Mario Vargas Kin Piu Lam. Project Goals. Gain a better understanding of the origins of Television where we are now what we see for future developments. Project Plan Nipkow’s Disk Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Color Television High Definition Television (HDTV).

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Television Development

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  1. Television Development Mario Vargas Kin Piu Lam

  2. Project Goals • Gain a better understanding of the origins of Television • where we are now • what we see for future developments

  3. Project Plan Nipkow’s Disk Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Color Television High Definition Television (HDTV) Projection Television The four new television evolutions Price Ranges Enhanced Television Conclusion Overview

  4. Project Plan • Kin • Research on High Definition TV • Research on new technologies • Projection television • Mario • Research on mechanic and electronic television, including color television • Research on enhanced television and future developments • Interactive TV

  5. Nipkow’s Disk • Paul Nipkow’s Disk

  6. Mechanical Television • Before 1930’s • Uses Nipkow’s Disk Front view Inside View

  7. Cathode-Ray Tube • First introduced in 1897 by German scientist, Karl Ferdinand Braun • In 1905, first demonstrated • Being used in most televisions today • Called tube television or electronic television

  8. How the CRT works? http://www.howstuffworks.com/tv2.htm

  9. CRT (internal view)

  10. Electronic Television • Hindered television sales: • Great Depression • World War II • Post WWII, Golden Age of Television • Black and white

  11. Color Television • Trichromatic color mixing theory • CBS color system incompatible with black and white sets at home • Field Sequential method, sandwiched wheel • RCA’s system worked on monochrome monitors • Dot sequential method, sampling using time-division multiplexing

  12. RCA’s Color TV System

  13. Aspect ratio • “This film has been modified from its original version. It has been formatted to fit your screen” • Fitting the picture from widescreen to home television

  14. High Definition TV (HDTV) • Motivated by Hollywood to boost ticket sales • Uses our field of vision, which is more rectangular than square • stronger visual impact

  15. HDTV • Higher resolution and quality audio • More pixels per inch creating a smoother picture • 1 NTSC pixel = 4.5 HDTV pixels • Is becoming more and more important to consumers

  16. Projection Television • No different from regular television sets, just bigger • Most consider 40” plus as projection TV • Supported by both tube and fixed pixel display television

  17. Projection Television • Examples:

  18. Front or Transmissive Projection • Screen is located across the room • Light passes through the image-forming display panel and is then projected onto the screen

  19. Rear or Reflective Projection • Screen is located within the TV box • Light is reflected off the projection display panel and is then projected onto the screen

  20. New Technologies • Fixed-Pixel Displays: • Liquid-Crystal Display (LCD) • Plasma • Digital Light Processing (DLP) • Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS)

  21. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) • Liquid crystals coated with phosphors • Voltage applied by thin-film transistor (TFT) • The cells “untwist” to an exact degree to filter light beams (Courtesy of Sound & Vision Magazine)

  22. LCD • Pro: • Bright colors • Only a few inches deep • Con: • Worst fixed-pixel display for true black • Low resolution (not enough for HDTV) • Narrow viewing angle

  23. Plasma • Gas-filled sub-pixels coated with red, green, and blue phosphors • Voltage applied by electrode • Exciting the gas to stimulate the phosphors to emit color light beams (Courtesy of Sound & Vision Magazine)

  24. Plasma • Pro: • Wide viewing angle • Bright pictures • High enough resolution for HDTV • Con: • Also does not produce true black • Potential for “burn-in”

  25. Digital Light Processing (DLP) • Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) made up of tiny mirrors • Reflect the light from the lamp onto the screen (Courtesy of Sound & Vision Magazine)

  26. DLP • Pro: • Best fixed-pixel display at producing true black • Con: • Prone to “rainbow” effect

  27. Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) • Gas-filled sub-pixels coated with red, green, and blue phosphors • Voltage applied • Exciting the gas to stimulate the phosphors to emit color light beams • Light is then reflected of the mirrors to the screen (Courtesy of Sound & Vision Magazine)

  28. LCoS • Pro: • Highest resolution compared to LCD and DLP and obviously supports HDTV • Pixel spacing in close, creating smoother pictures • Con: • Not explored extensively yet

  29. CRT $500 ~ $2000 LCD $2500 ~ $8000 Plasma $3000 ~ $15000 DLP $4000 ~ $15000 LCoS $15000 and up Television Price Ranges

  30. Enhanced Television • Interactive TV • Watch TV, but customize it and make it your own • Example: show Demo • Experiments by TCI and Timer Warner 1980’s • Shop online, play games, etc.. • Testers found the service very useful • Failed due to inability to cover cost of operating the service and keep the prices reasonable for consumer

  31. Conclusion • LCoS is most likely to becoming the wave of the future television market • Combines both technology of LCD and DLP • Eliminates the rainbow effect by using a prism instead of a spinning color wheel • Expensive but may become economically affordable within the next few years • HDTV supported by LCoS • HDTV preferred by consumers

  32. Conclusion (cnt’d) • Things to see in the future • Convergence of TV and computers • Cheaper Interactive Television • Embedding the interactivity inside the broadcast signal

  33. Reference • http://www.tvhistory.tv/ • http://www.novia.net/~ereitan/ • http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/NIPKOW%5FDISK.html • http://www.howstuffworks.com/tv2.htm • http://inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://ieee.cincinnati.fuse.net/reiman/10%5F1994.html • http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/C/htmlC/colortelevis/colortelevis.htm • http://www.civilization.ca/hist/tv/tv02eng.html • http://www.pbs.org/opb/crashcourse/enhanced_tv/

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