CRT Study Guide Quarter 2

1. CRT Study Guide Quarter 2

2. A change in ocean current causes the climate on an island to become drier. As a result, the grasses that cover the island change from dark green to light brown. Over time, how might a species of grass toads that hide in the grasses and are subject to predation respond to these changes?

3. Their coloration will change to brown.

4. A river caused one population of giraffes to become separated into two populations. Members of these two populations were later brought together but were not able to breed. What is this an example of?

5. Speciation

6. A storm blew several butterfly-eating birds to a distant island. The island, which previously had no birds, was filled with butterflies of all colors. One year later, all of the butterflies were dark green and brown. What is likely the explanation for the change in the butterfly population.

7. The surviving butterflies had a trait that protected them from the birds.

8. Over time, animals may change behavior or physical appearance in response to changes in the environment. What is this called?

9. Adaptation

10. What is the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than others do?

11. Natural Selection

12. When an effective insecticide is used on a population of insects, most of the insects are killed. However, a few may survive due to genes that make them resistance to the insecticide. What is the BEST explanation of why this occur?

13. Insects that survived sprayings passed their resistance genes to their offspring.

14. When penicillin was first developed it was hailed as a miracle drug. People said that bacterial diseases would be completely wiped out. However, over time many of these species of bacteria are no longer killed with penicillin. What is one likely cause of this phenomenon?

15. Rapid bacterial mutations due to environmental pressures

16. What are organisms that get energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms called?

17. Decomposers

18. What is a biotic part of the a desert?

19. Anything Living

20. What is the environment in which an organism lives called?

21. Habitat

22. What symbiotic relationship is characterized by organisms that help other?

23. mutualism

24. How many chromosomes will be unable to do what?

25. Produce offspring

26. How many chromosomes are presented in a normal human sex cell?

27. 23

28. How would a gene be described?

29. As the code instructions for a trait

30. if the body cells of an organism have 10 chromosomes, then the sex cells produce during meiosis would have

31. 5 chromosomes

32. On what structure are genes found?

33. chromosomes

34. The function of chromosomes is directly related to which of the following?

35. Passing trait

36. What is heredity?

37. Traits passing from parents to offspring

38. What makes up chromosomes?

39. Many genes joined together

40. How can the process of meiosis be described?

41. Reducing the number of chromosomes by one half

42. Mitosis produces __________________while meiosis produces ________________.

43. Body cells Sex cells

44. Unlike mitosis, what is the end result of meiosis?

45. Four genetically different cells are form

46. What is the haploid number of chromosomes for a human sperm or egg cell?

47. 23

48. What is the number of chromosomes for in a body cell (somatic) known as?

49. diploid

50. What occurs in meiosis, but not in mitosis?