Warm Up

1. Warm Up • Burning Cash • Cloud in a Bottle • Obtain a page of loose leaf paper and a pencil • You will be working through the Scientific Method while watching videos of quick science experiments

2. The Scientific Method Unit 1: Section 1

3. Essential Questions • What does it mean to think like a scientist? • What is the value of following the scientific method?

4. The Scientific Method Credit: U.S. Satellite Laboratory, Inc.

5. The Scientific Method • Observations – • Make observations (use the senses and devices to obtain information) • Collect information and background research

6. The Scientific Method • Observations Vocabulary – • Observation = Descriptive statement about a natural phenomena that are ‘directly’ accessible to the senses (or extensions of the senses) • Ex: The board is white and the marker writes in blue ink. • Inference = statements about phenomena that are not ‘directly’ accessible to the senses • Ex: A white board can help a teacher explain the scientific method to her students.

7. The Scientific Method • Observations Vocabulary – • Quantitative Observation = an observation that involves measurements • The temperature of the liquid is 95°C. • Qualitative Observation = a general description and does not involve a measurement • The liquid is hot.

8. The Scientific Method • Questions – • Identify the problem/develop a question

9. The Scientific Method • Hypothesis – • Form a hypothesis (educated guess) • A hypothesis is an “If __ [I do this] __, then ____ [this] ___ will happen because ___” statement. • For example: If the temperature in a lake decreases, then fisherman will be able to catch more fish because water holds more oxygen at colder temperatures.

10. The Scientific Method • Data – • Design and perform an experiment to test the hypothesis • Make observations/collect data • Organize results into tables and graphs

11. The Scientific Method • Data Vocabulary – • Independent Variable = factor that, at it changes, affects the measure of another variable • ‘Manipulated variable’ • Dependent Variable = factor that changes as a result of changes in the other variables • Responsive variable’

12. The Scientific Method • Conclusions – • Analyze data • A statement based on observations and prior knowledge • Support or reject the hypothesis based on the data collected • Communicate results

13. The Scientific Method • Questions – • What further research could be done? • What new questions arose from the study? • Observations – • Repeat

14. Lets Look at the Scientific Method in Action! • Lava in a Cup Activity • The Lava in a Cup Activity is due on:

15. Observation vs. Inference Section 1, Unit 1: Scientific Method

16. Write down 5 observations about the image:

17. Ohh… There are 3 quarts of green liquid leaking from a brown can. I also smell it. Observation Observation = Describes facts that you can see, touch, smell, hear or measure. You are not making any guesses. THIS IS NOT AN OPINION!!

18. Quantitative Observation = an observation that involves measurements There is 1can and 3 quarts of liquid (Quantity : number)

19. Qualitative Observation = a general description and does not involve a measurement The liquid is green. The can is brown. Qualitative = Quality (describes)

20. Qualitative or Quantitative? • His shirt is red. • There are 2 apples left. • The table is 5 meters long. • A blue crystal formed on the bottom of our beaker. • Homer weighs 200 pounds.

21. Based on my observations, I think that this can is old and is leaking a toxic substance . Inference = using your observations to make a guess about something THIS CAN BE AN OPINION

22. Please make some observations and inferences about the following picture. Group Practice

23. Group Practice • Please make some observations and inferences about the following picture.

24. Group Practice • Infer what happened

25. Write down 2 observations and 2 inferences about the picture.