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Ch. 24 Spine

Ch. 24 Spine. Objectives . Describe how the nervous system works. Describe the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. Describe the function of the sympathetic system. Explain common injuries to the spine. Describe the management protocols for an athlete with a back injury.

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Ch. 24 Spine

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  1. Ch. 24 Spine

  2. Objectives • Describe how the nervous system works. • Describe the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. • Describe the function of the sympathetic system. • Explain common injuries to the spine. • Describe the management protocols for an athlete with a back injury. • Explain the symptoms of intervertebral disc herniation.

  3. Anatomy • There is a natural curvature to the spine • Sections • Cervical-7 • Thoracic-12 • Lumbar-5 • Sacrum-5 fused • Coccyx-3 or 4 fused

  4. Vertebrae • Bones in the spine are called vertebras • Irregular shaped bone • Different by section • Cervical smaller, lumbar larger • Body • Foramen • Spinous and transverse process

  5. Intervertebral Disc • Located in between each vertebrae • Allows for movement and flexibility in spine • Two parts • Nucleus pulposus • Jelly like part • Annulus fibrosus • Cartilage • Poor blood supply

  6. Abnormal Posture • Forward Head • Kyphosis-excessive roundedness in thoracic spine

  7. Abnormal Posture • Lordosis-excessive forward curve in lumbar spine • Scoliosis-abnormal side to side

  8. Cervical Injuries • Worst injuries occur with neck in flexion • Fracture of cervical vertebrae can cause quadriplegia • Paralysis of all 4 limbs • Should leave football helmets on

  9. Spondylolysis • Spondylolysis: Stress fracture or bone degeneration of the vertebrae • Spondylolisthesis: vertebrae slips onto the bone beneath it

  10. Disc Herniation • Nucleus pulposus seeps through the annulus fibrosus and presses on the spinal cord • Usually in older people • Unilateral leg pain

  11. Back Strain • Usually in erector spinae, latissimusdorsi, or trapezius muscles • Can be overuse or acute • RICE • E-stim • stretching

  12. Williams Flexion • Pelvic Tilt • Single knee to chest • Double knee to chest • Partial sit up • Hamstring stretch • Hip flexor stretch • Squat

  13. McKenzie Extension • Prone lying • Prone lying on elbows • Prone Press-Ups • Progressive extension with pillows • Standing extension

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