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Psychology Unit 2

Psychology Unit 2 . Brain and Consciousness . The Nervous System. What is the Nervous System?. Controls you emotions, movements, thinking and behavior 2 Parts  Central & Peripheral Central: t he brain & spinal cord Peripheral: Nerves branching out from spinal cord. Neurons.

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Psychology Unit 2

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  1. Psychology Unit 2 Brain and Consciousness

  2. TheNervous System

  3. What is the Nervous System? • Controls you emotions, movements, thinking and behavior • 2 Parts Central & Peripheral • Central: the brain & spinal cord • Peripheral: Nerves branching out from spinal cord

  4. Neurons • Cells of nerve tissue through which messages travel to and from the brain • Parts of the Neuron Dendrite  Cell Body Synapse  Axon

  5. The Brain

  6. The Three Brains • Hindbrain • Voluntary movements • Reflexes • Produces important chemicals • Midbrain • Brings sensory info through the rest of the brain • Forebrain • Controls body reactions to temp, hunger, thirst, & sex • Emotions • Higher Thinking Processes

  7. Important Parts of the Brain • Complete the Brain Quiz Study Guide • Check Answers

  8. Brain Clips • No Brainers? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3teflb1QNN4 • Brain Phenomenon • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSu9HGnlMV0

  9. Are You Right-Brained or Left-Brained? • Complete the Right-Brained or Left-Brained Worksheets • Class Discussion

  10. Metaphorical Grab Bag • Count off by 6s • In your small groups, fill in the blanks with the item your group picked out of the bag: • A Brain is like a __________________(item that you picked out the bag) because _______________________________.

  11. Altered States of Consciousness

  12. What is Consciousness? • A state of awareness, including a person’s feelings, ideas, and perceptions • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qjfaoe847qQ

  13. What are Altered States of Consciousness? • Different levels of awareness • Example: Sleep

  14. Why Sleep? • Theories: • Restorative • Conserve Energy • Adaptive process • Clear minds • To Dream

  15. Stages of Sleep • Stage I: Lightest level of sleep • 10 min, eye rolling, twitching, “just drifting” • Stage II: Early sleep • Muscle relaxation, limited physical mobility • Stage III: Deeper sleep

  16. Stages of Sleep • Stage IV: Deepest level of sleep • Important level, difficult to wake when in this stage, disorientation is awoken • REM sleep: Active sleep • Rapid eye movement, dreaming, every 90 min

  17. How Much Sleep? • Human = 1/3 of lives sleeping • Amount Varies: • Newborns = 16 hours • 16 year olds = 10 -11 hours • 70 year olds = 5 hours • Internal Biological Clock • Light and dark patterns • Jetlag

  18. Sleep Disorders Chart • Complete the Sleep Disorders Chart for the rest of the period. Make sure to do front and back!

  19. Dreams • Mental activity that takes place during sleep • Dream Content: • Often everyday activity in dreams • Large percent are negative/unpleasant • Nightmares

  20. Déjà vu • the having the strong feeling that an event currently being experienced was experienced in the past • Theory: • A distorted memory from a disconnect w/short & long-term memory

  21. Dream Interpretation • Sigmund Freud • Founding Father of psychoanalysis • Believed in solving problems through patient and psychologist dialogue • Unconscious: part of the mind we are unaware of, but strongly influences behavior

  22. Dream Interpretation • Freud = dreams contained clues to thoughts we are afraid to acknowledge while awake • Indian tribes = dream spiritual world • Critics? • No purpose • Mental housecleaning • Problem-solving

  23. Dream Mini-Project • Dream Diary • 3 DreamsDue Tuesday • Dream Interpretation on Tuesday • Final Project Due Wednesday!

  24. Hypnosis • State of consciousness achieved by narrowed focus and heighted suggestibility • Make conscious things ppl are unaware of and unaware of things they usually noticeshifts your consciousness • Example

  25. Hypnosis • Involves persuading participates to relax and lose interest in the external • Can help reduce pain • Similar to a deep sleep

  26. Hypnosis Example • Can you hypnotize yourself? • Sometimes just thinking of an action can result in producing that actionif you can imagine that result clearly enough • Stretch your arms and follow my directions (p194)

  27. Biofeedback • Learning how to control your internal physiological processes • Example: Heart Rate

  28. Meditation • Focusing of attention to clear one’s mind and produce relaxation • 3 approaches • Transcendental • Mindfulness • Breath

  29. Meditation Effects • Most people can benefit • Lower blood pressure • Heart rate • respiration rate • Critics • Same results as simply sleeping or relaxing

  30. Meditation Example • Find a comfortable sitting position • http://www.youtube.com/user/okanokumo?v=BaMBQSsdnxo • Relax and Breath Deeply, Focus on “Being” instead of “Not Thinking”

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