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Circu latory system

Circu latory system. Three main parts Heart Blood vessels Blood. Endothelium. Arteriole. Venule. Connective tissue. Connective tissue. Smooth muscle. Smooth muscle. Endothelium. Valve. Endothelium. Figure 37-5 The Three Types of Blood Vessels. Section 37-1. Vein. Artery.

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Circu latory system

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  1. Circulatory system Three main parts Heart Blood vessels Blood

  2. Endothelium Arteriole Venule Connective tissue Connective tissue Smooth muscle Smooth muscle Endothelium Valve Endothelium Figure 37-5 The Three Types of BloodVessels Section 37-1 Vein Artery Capillary

  3. Compare arteries to veins Arteries Veins Move blood AWAY Move blood TO from the heart the heart Carry oxygen RICH Carry oxygen POOR blood (exception blood (exception pulmonary artery) pulmonary vein)

  4. Compare arteries to veins Arteries Veins Thick, elastic walls Thin, non-elastic w/ much muscle walls; little muscle Nerve endings No nerve endings No valves Valves present

  5. Capillaries • Smallest blood vessels; only one cell thick • So narrow that blood cells must pass through them single file • Connect arterioles to venules • Serve as site of exchange of materials between blood, tissue fluids and cells

  6. Compare blood cells Red White Erythrocytes Leukocytes No nucleus Have nucleus Carry oxygen and Engulf foreign cells; carbon dioxide produce antibodies

  7. Compare blood cells Red White 5 million/mm3 7000-8000/mm3 Produced in bone Produced in bone marrow marrow, lymph nodes and spleen Live for 120 days Live for months/years

  8. Blood composition 55% plasma (which is 90% water) 45% cells Plasma proteins Albumins – transport fatty acids, hormones, vitamins; regulate osmotic pressure, blood flow Globulins – transport fatty acids, hormones, vitamins; fight viral and bacterial infections Fibrinogen – blood clotting Platelets Fragments of blood cells that assist in blood clotting

  9. Aorta Brings oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body Superior Vena Cava Large vein that brings oxygen-poor blood from the upper part of the body to the right atrium Pulmonary Arteries Bring oxygen-poor blood to the lungs Pulmonary Veins Bring oxygen-rich blood from each of the lungs to the left atrium Pulmonary Valve Prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle after it has entered the pulmonary artery Aortic Valve Prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after it has entered the aorta Mitral Valve Prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium after it has entered the left ventricle Tricuspid Valve Prevents blood from flowing back into the right atrium after it has entered the right ventricle Inferior Vena Cava Vein that brings oxygen-poor blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium Figure 37-3 The Structuresof the Heart Heart Left Atrium Right Atrium Left Ventricle Septum Right Ventricle

  10. Lymphatic system • As blood circulates, fluid leaks into tissues • Fluid leak helps transport nutrients and salts into tissues • A network of vessels, nodes and organs collects fluid and returns it to blood • Fluid is collected in lymph capillaries and vessels and returned to vena cavae • Thymus and spleen are part of lymphatic system involved in immune system

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