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PermaSense

PERMASENSE J an Beutel, Stephan Gruber Workshop on methods for monitoring in permafrost environment. PermaSense. www.permasense.ch. Consortium of several projects, start in 2006 Multiple disciplines (geo-science, engineering) Fundamental as well as applied research

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PermaSense

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  1. PERMASENSEJan Beutel, Stephan GruberWorkshop on methods for monitoring in permafrost environment

  2. PermaSense www.permasense.ch Consortium of several projects, start in 2006 Multiple disciplines (geo-science, engineering) Fundamental as well as applied research More than 20 people, 8 PhD students

  3. Competence in outdoor sensing • Wireless systems, low-latency data transmission • Customized sensors • Ruggedized equipment • Data management • Planning, installing, operating (years) large deployments

  4. Established: deployment sites A. Hasler

  5. Established: rock/ice temperature A. Hasler Aim: Understand temperatures in heterogeneous rock and ice Measurements at several depths Two-minute interval, autonomous for several years Survive, buffer and flush periods without connectivity

  6. Results: rock/ice temperatures Hasler, A., Gruber, S. & Haeberli, W. (in review) Temperature variability and thermal offset in steep alpine rock and ice faces, The Cryosphere

  7. Established: crack dilatation Aim: To understand temperature/ice-conditioned rock kinematics Temperature-compensated, commercial instrument Auxiliary measurements (temperature, additional axes,…) Two-minute interval, autonomous for several years Protection against snow-load and rock fall

  8. Results: rock kinematics Stagnation Hasler, A., Gruber, S. & Beutel, J. (in revision) Kinematics of steep bedrock permafrost, Journal of Geophysical Research.

  9. New: acoustic emissions Aim: To understand the importance that ice-segregation, volume expansion and thermal cycling have on rock damage in natural conditions – to infer instability zones. • Continuous measurement, transmission of event statistics • Storage of raw traces • Auxiliary data (temperature, moisture, camera, … ) L. Girard

  10. New: slope movement S. Endrizzi / P. Limpach Aim: To understand cryosphere-related slope movements based on their temporal patterns of acceleration and deceleration. • Continuous GPS (years) • Daily fix (accuracy: few mm) • Auxiliary data (2 axis inclination, camera, temperatures, … ) • Several locations V. Wirz

  11. Wireless technology for a laboratory on the mountain

  12. Low-power wireless sensors Contention window Data transfer Beacon Application processing window jitter time slot 2 slot k slot 1 • Shockfish TinyNode584 • MSP430, 16-bit, 8MHz, 10k SRAM, 48k Flash • LP Radio: XE1205 @ 868 MHz • Sensor interface board • 1 GB storage • 3-year life-time • Dozer - ultra low-power data gathering system • Multi-hop, beacon based, 1-hop synchronized TDMA • Optimized for ultra-low duty cycles • 0.167% duty-cycle, 0.032mA [Burri – IPSN2007]

  13. Ruggedized for Alpine extremes [Beutel – IPSN2010]

  14. Field site support Goal: On-site data collection • Base station • Embedded Linux • Solar power system • Redundant connectivity • Local data buffer • Database synchronization • Cameras • PTZ webcam • High resolution imaging (D-SLR) • Weather station • Remote monitoring and control

  15. WLAN long-haul communication • Data access from weather radar on Klein Matterhorn (P. Burlando, ETHZ) • Leased fiber/DSL from Zermatt Bergbahnen AG • Commercial components (Mikrotik) • Weatherproofed

  16. Online data management Web export Import from field GSN GSN Private Public Metadata ============ Position Sensor type Validity period … • Global Sensor Network (GSN) • Data streaming framework from EPFL (K. Aberer) • Organized in “virtual sensors”, i.e. data types/semantics • Hierarchies and concatenation of virtual sensors enable on-line processing • Dual architecture translates data from machine representation to SI values, adds metadata

  17. Revision / Extension June 2010 Installation & Service 2008 Service 2009 Value of online data Duplicate Data [Keller – IPSN2011] • Data quality/integrity • Inconsistencies • Duplicates • Gaps • Sporadic/systematic • Long-term stability • Equipment health • Future: Early warning…

  18. ETH Zurich • Computer Engineering and Networks Lab • Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry • University of Zurich • Department of Geography • University of Basel • Computer Science Department Thank you for your attention Main contributors: J. Beutel, B. Buchli, A. Geiger, L. Girard, S. Gruber, T. Gsell, S. Gubler, A. Hasler, J. Hunziker, M. Keller, R. Lim, T. Strozzi, F. Sutton, I. Talzi, L. Thiele, C. Tschudin, C. Walser, V. Wirz, M. Yuecel, F. Neyer, P. Limpach, Z. Su, C. Plessl, S. Schoenborn, D. VonderMuehll, K. Aberer

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