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Diffraction (6.161 Lab3)

Tony Hyun Kim 10/21/2008. Diffraction (6.161 Lab3). Topics to be discussed. Introduction Diffraction theory Fraunhofer diffraction integral Experimental setup Patterns from apertures Single-slit Double-slit Rectangular aperture Rectangular grid Conclusions. Diffraction = Wave - Ray.

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Diffraction (6.161 Lab3)

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  1. Tony Hyun Kim 10/21/2008 Diffraction (6.161 Lab3)

  2. Topics to be discussed • Introduction • Diffraction theory • Fraunhofer diffraction integral • Experimental setup • Patterns from apertures • Single-slit • Double-slit • Rectangular aperture • Rectangular grid • Conclusions

  3. Diffraction = Wave - Ray • Although ray optics is intuitive… • Light is a wave phenomenon

  4. Fraunhofer diffraction integral

  5. Fraunhofer intensity pattern

  6. Setup to observe diffraction

  7. Patterns from apertures • We’ll present and analyze (Topic set 1): • Single-slit • Double-slit • Rectangular aperture • Rectangular grid

  8. Single slit • Note Fourier reciprocity in characteristic lengths • Calculate slit width from pattern: b = 89 microns

  9. Double slit • Periodicityin aperture produces localization in pattern • Calculate inter-slit distance: D = 6.5 mm

  10. Rectangular aperture • Just a slit in two dimensions • Calculate aperture dimensions: b = 76 microns

  11. Rectangular grid • Again, periodicity  localization

  12. Concluding remarks • Verified Fraunhofer diffraction in lab • General lessons: • “Fourier pairing” between aperture and pattern • Reciprocity in characteristic lengths. • Periodicity of aperture  Localization of pattern • Possibilities for metrology

  13. Sources of images • Lens system: http://www.trustedreviews.com/images/article/inline/4778-ZoomOut500.gif • Fraunhofer planes: http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/FraunhoferDiffraction.html • Experimental setup: 6.161 Lab guide

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