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Socialism and Communism

Socialism and Communism. Historical Development. Plato’s Republic Communism of the select (the upper class)  pursuit of common interests Utopianism Renaissance Utopias (Thomas More’s Utopia) French Utopian Socialism Industrial (Modern) Socialism Robert Owen  New Harmony, IN

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Socialism and Communism

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  1. Socialism and Communism

  2. Historical Development • Plato’s Republic • Communism of the select (the upper class)  pursuit of common interests • Utopianism • Renaissance Utopias (Thomas More’s Utopia) • French Utopian Socialism • Industrial (Modern) Socialism • Robert Owen  New Harmony, IN • Karl Marx Das Kapital (the Capital)

  3. Historical DevelopmentContinued • Divergence of Socialism • Communism in the former Soviet and Eastern Europe and China • Market socialism in Western Europe (particularly Scandinavian countries) • Two main elements of Socialism • Public property (means of production) ownership • Central role of gov’t and central planning

  4. Marxism • Based on Dialectical Materialism • Hegel’s Dialectic: • ThesesAnti-thesis Synthesis (scarcity, insatiability, economy) • Materialism • Materialism (economic conditions) determines the society • Dialectical materialism • Feudalism Capitalism  Socialism

  5. MarxismContinued • Flaws of capitalism according to Karl Marx • Unequal relationship between employer and workers  exploitation of labor  insufficient demand  crises and depressions  confrontation between bourgeoisies (have) and proletariats (have not)  collapse of capitalism • Merits of Marxism • Pointing out many potential problems of pure capitalism • Weakness of Marxism • Not foreseeing the flexibility and adjustability of capitalism (increased gov’t role, labor union, etc.)

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