Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System

1. Bulgarian NationalEmission Inventory System Assoc. Prof. N.Miloshev – Geophysical Institute BAS St. Tzonev – National Statistical Institute E. Nikolova – Executive Environment Agency MoEW

2. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System The institutions at national and regional level responsible for the Bulgarian Emission Inventory are: • Ministry of Environment and Waters (MoEW) respectively its: • Executive Environment Agency (EEA) • Regional Inspectorates on Environment and Water (RIEW), • National Statistical Institute (NSI)

3. MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND WATERS EXECUTIVE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY NATIONAL EMISSIONS DATABASE EMISSION MEASUREMENTS EMISSION INVENTORY 5000 POINT SOURCES 150 LARGE POINT SOURCES EMISSION FACTORS – CORINAIR METHODOLOGY NATIONAL STATISTICAL INSTITUTE RIEW

4. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System Responsibilities of the NSI: • Combustion in energy production and energy transformation; • Combustion in commercial, institutional and residential sectors and agriculture, forestry, fishing; • Combustion in industry; • Production processes; • Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels; • Solvent and other product use; • Agriculture; • Nature.

5. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System Responsibilities of the EEA: • Household heating; • Road transport; • Other mobile sources and machinery; • Waste treatment and disposal.

6. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System • In Bulgaria the emission estimates are calculated according to the EMEP/ CORINAIR Methodology. • Data from the emission inventory are collected at regional and national level. • All emission data are stored in the National Database in EEA. • The emission data are updated every year.

7. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System EMEP/CORINAIR Methodology: • The nomenclature - SNAP – “Selected Nomenclature for sources of Air Pollution” is based on three different levels of categories, sub-categories and individual activities : • The upper level (11 items) corresponds to the main classical categories generating emissions of pollutants; • The intermediate level reflects the structure of activities according to engineering and socio – economical aspects; • The lowest level enumerates all relevant activities to be included.

8. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System Definition of SNAP’s • 1.Combustion in energy and transformation industries; • 2.Non-industrial combustion; • 3.Combustion in industry; • 4.Production processes; • 5.Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels; • 6. Solvent and other product use;

9. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System Definition of SNAP’s • 7.Road transport • 8.Other mobile sources and machinery; • 9.Waste treatment and disposal; • 10.Agriculture; • 11.Nature.

10. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System Classical pollutants: • Sulphur dioxide /SO2/; • Oxides of nitrogen /NOx/; • Ammonia /NH3/; • Non-methane volatile organic compounds /NMVOC/; • Carbon monoxide /CO/; • Carbon dioxide /CO2/ • Methane /CH4/ • Nitrous oxide /N2O/ Heavy metals: • Cadmium /Cd/, Lead /Pb/, Mercury /Hg/;

11. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System Persistent organic pollutants: • hexachlorobenzene /HCB/, hexachlorocyclohexane /HCH/, polychlorinated biphenyls /PCBs/, dioxins/furans /DIOX/, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), pentachlorophenol /PCP/; The following air pollutants are not covered by the National Methodology: • particulate matter /TSP, PM10, PM2.5/; • heavy metals: arsenic, chromium, copper, nickel, selenium, zink; • Persistent organic pollutants: aldrin, chlordane, chlordecone, DDT, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, mirex, toxaphene, hexabromobiphenyl.

12. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System Emission factors • Up to 2005 the emissions of air pollutants are calculated based on the activity data and emission factors, set in National CORINAIR 94 methodology. • In 2005 the MoEW/EEA developed a new National Emission Inventory Methodology. It is developed by adapting the 3rd edition of the EMEP/CORINAIR Atmospheric Emission Inventory Guidebook for the Bulgarian conditions, taking into account the national specificities concerning the respective activity, technologies and equipment.

13. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System Dissemination of Air Emissions information Bulgaria submit the national emission inventory to the: • UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP/EMEP); • European Environment Agency.

14. LARGE POINT SOURCES IN BULGARIA PP "Vidachim AD West Biomas PP Sviloza East Vidin Plama TPP "Agropolychim Ruse Nikopol Varna-Devnia Ciment Svishtov Beloizvorski Pleven PP-Devnia Cimnt Dobrich Eliseina PP-Varna Beli Izvor TPP PP Pleven Kremiko PP Shugar vtsy 1 çPlants vtsy 1&2 Vratsa Zlatna Panega Varna and 2 liseina Ciment-Devnia PPs Devnia PP PP G.Oriaxovitsa Provadia Sofia "Sofis-Iskar "Power MC Sredno Power Neftochim V.Tarnovo Plant gorie Plant PP Maritsa Gabrovo East II Kremikovtsy PPs Agrobio PP Neftochim Zlatitsa PPs Plovdiv chim Sofia Sliven Pernik Pirdop PP Maritsa East I Elchim ST.Zagora PP Burgas Iskra KCM Radnevo Pazardjik Farmatsia PP”Maritsa Belovo Plovdiv East III” East III Neochim Bobovdol Asenovgrad Galabovo Dupnitsa Mednikarovo Vulkan PP”Maritsa-3” Legend Emitted pollutants in the atmospher Dimitrovgrad TSP SOOTS Pb AER. SO2 HF NO2 Kurdjaly AND HFs CO OCK-Kardjaly PHENOLS CS H2SO4 -hot spot Sofia ORGANIC AER. SOLVENTS NO HxCy Cl2 NH3 HEAVY ME H2S NCESD THALS AER.

15. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System

16. Bulgarian National Emission Inventory System Weak points 1.Quality of emission estimates – almost O.K. 2.Spatial desaggregation • SNAP’s 1 to 6 – O.K. at municipality level (level 3) • SNAP’S 7 to 11 – bad at national level only (level 1) 3.Temporal desaggregation - bad 4.Inclusion of the full list of air pollutants in the National Emission Inventory