Gothic Art

1. Gothic Art • AD 1140-1400

2. Gothic Terms • same Romanesque church terms • crypt- the vaulted space under a building • rib vaults- vaults with a skeleton structure • rib- a slender piece of masonry molding • severies- thinly vaulted webs between arches • scientia- theory or concept • ars- technical knowledge

3. Gothic West starts in Northern France first in 1140 • spreads throughout Europe in the 1200s • Renaissance starts in 1400

4. Culture • crusades- create outward expansion • Papal supremacy • cities the center of culture and opposition to church • pope forms begging monasteries to be in the cities to combat opposition to church in cities • France a major power • Magna Carta- limited the rights of the king to respect certain rights of the people, made English King John not all powerful • Paris a center for learning and culture

5. Notre-Dame- “cult of the lady” • music school there led to the polyphonic sacred song • minstrels sang of the earthly love of women and chivalry in knights • the Virgin stood compassionately between sinners and hell- less damning philosophy of religion as seen in Romanesque times

6. Significant Figures • St. Francis of Assisi- Franciscan monk who preached about a loving Christ • St. Louis- a French king who made peace • St Bernard- influenced church design- stressed purity of outline, form • Abbot Suger- sought to construct the kingdom of France and it’s architectural style

7. Early Gothic Art • St.-Denis, Paris, France, 1140-1144

9. Gothic Church Design • flying buttresses

13. Laon Cathedral, France, 1160-1205

16. Notre-Dame, Paris, France, begun 1215.

19. Gargoyles from the Gallerie des Chimieres, Notre-Dame

20. Chartres Cathedral, France, 1145-1170

21. Royal Portal of Chartres Cathedral.

25. Changes of thought about the human body • reflected by these statues- less severe than Romanesque • Gothic times believed the body and soul were connected and softened the harsh view of the body as seen in Romanesque times

26. High Gothic • Chartres Cathedral, as rebuilt after the fire of 1194

28. Bourges Cathedral, France, 1195-1255

31. West facade of Amiens Cathedral, France, 1220-1236. (area above rose window early 16th century)

33. Jean de Chelles, rose window of the north transept, Notre-Dame, Paris, 1240-1250, stained glass, iron, and lead stone-bar tracery, diameter 43'.

34. Ste.-Chapelle, Paris, 1243-1248 (rose window installed after 1485).

35. Beauvais Cathedral, France, begun 1247.

36. The fortified town of Carcassonne.

37. Sculpture • St. Martin, St. Jerome, and St. Gregory, 1220-1230, from the Porch of the Confessors, Chartres Cathedral, France.

38. Central portal of the west facade of Reims Cathedral, France, 1225-1290.

40. The Visitation, Jamb statues over life size.

41. Crucifixion, detail of a window of St.-Remi, Reims, France, 1190, stained glass, 12' high.

42. Good Samaritan window, Chartres Cathedral, France, early 13th century, stained glass.

43. Villard de Honnecourt, page from a notebook, 1240.

44. Abraham and the Three Angels, illuminated page from the Psalter of St. Louis, 1253-1270.

45. The Virgin of Paris, Notre-Dame, Paris, early 14th century.

46. Compare Praxitelles’ Greek S-Curve with the Gothic S-Curve

47. Jean Pucelle, David before Saul, page from the Belleville Breviary, 1235, illumination, 9 1/2" x 6 3/4 ".

48. West Facade of St.-Maclou, Rouen, France, 1500-1514.

49. Gothic Outside France • Salisbury Cathedral, England, begun 1220.