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HYPOXIA. A condition where the water becomes so low in dissolved oxygen content (<2mg/L) that most higher forms of life can not survive. Caused by poor mixing within the water column and / or decomposition of organic matter. HYPOXIA. There are natural hypoxic regions
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HYPOXIA • A condition where the water becomes so low in dissolved oxygen content (<2mg/L) that most higher forms of life can not survive. • Caused by poor mixing within the water column and / or decomposition of organic matter. Hypoxia
HYPOXIA • There are natural hypoxic regions • Western coasts of continents • Fjords • center of the Black Sea • In ocean waters the most limiting nutrient is nitrogen. Hypoxia
WORLD HYPOXIC ZONES Hypoxia
HYPOXIA • The worst hypoxic conditions are in the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea • Hypoxic conditions have been increasing since the 1960’s • The Gulf of Mexico, outside the delta of the Mississippi River is the worlds third largest hypoxic area • 12400 sq. km. (4800 sq. mi) Hypoxia
GULF OF MEXICO HYPOXIA • Nitrogen export from the Mississippi River has increased 2- to 7-fold over the last century • Nitrogen losses from ag-land in the basin are by air, surface runoff, sediment transport and subsurface drainage. • Losses of about 1.8 million Mg / yr Hypoxia
Estimated NO3 Export from IA Hypoxia