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Audience-Centeredness. Keeping the audience foremost in mind at every step of speech preparation and presentation. How to Stay Audience-Centered. To whom am I speaking? What do I want them to know, believe, or do as a result of my speech?
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Audience-Centeredness Keeping the audience foremost in mind at every step of speech preparation and presentation.
How to Stay Audience-Centered • To whom am I speaking? • What do I want them to know, believe, or do as a result of my speech? • What is the most effective way of composing and presenting my speech to accomplish that aim?
Factors in Audience Analysis Identification Creating a bond with listeners by emphasizing common values, goals, and experiences. Egocentrism The tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being. Attitude A frame of mind in favor of or opposed to a person, policy, belief, institution, etc.
Demographic Audience Analysis • Age • Gender • Sexual orientation • Racial, ethnic, cultural background • Religion • Group membership
Be careful of STEREOTYPING! Creating an oversimplified image of a particular group by assuming that all members of the group are alike. Are all secretaries female?? Are all basketball stars black?? Are all doctors male?? Are all older adults geezers??
Situational Audience Analysis • Size • Physical setting • temperature…seating…room size • time of day…before/after a meal • The audience’s disposition toward: • the topic • the speaker • the occasion
Getting Information About Your Audience • Interviewa representative sample • Surveya cross-section
If you have engaged in volunteer work, how would you rate the experience? Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Veryrewarding rewarding unrewarding unrewarding 10 5 1 TYPES of SURVEY QUESTIONS Have you ever engaged in volunteer work for a community, religious, or charitable organization? ___ Yes ___ No Fixed-Alternative Question Scaled Question Open-Ended Question If you have worked as a volunteer, do you plan to do so again? Why or why not?