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Before the Battle

Before the Battle. The Armies. Union - Army of the Cumberland Gen. William Rosecrans Confederacy - Army of Tennessee Gen. Braxton Bragg. General Braxton Bragg. Served in the Mexican-American War as an artillery commander in the United States Army.

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Before the Battle

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  1. Before the Battle

  2. The Armies • Union - Army of the Cumberland • Gen. William Rosecrans • Confederacy - Army of Tennessee • Gen. Braxton Bragg

  3. General Braxton Bragg • Served in the Mexican-American War as an artillery commander in the United States Army. • Held very strict discipline among his men, sometimes putting him at odds with his troops. • This also had the added affect of creating one of the most organized and well trained armies in the Confederacy.

  4. General William S. Rosecrans • Very intelligent, although he had little formal education. • Interviewed with a Congressman in order to seek appointment to the military academy. • The man was so impressed with Rosencrans, that he passed over his own son in appointing him. • Did not serve in the Mexican-American War.

  5. Similarities • Both generals had resigned their commissions before the Civil War began. • After the fighting began, they volunteered their services to their respective countries, who were only too eager to have them. • -Why would the Union and the Confederacy want men like Rosecrans and Bragg?

  6. Prior Conflicts • Bragg’s and Rosecrans’ armies had collided multiple times before. • Battle of Stone River: • Union victory because they held their lines • 12,906 Union, 11,739 Confederates casualties • Confederates pull out • Major morale boost for the North

  7. Tullahoma Campaign • The Union forces give chase to the Rebels, who retreated about 30 miles South. • Union eventually gave chase and was able to deal a strong blow against the Confederates by way of flanking. • Union lost 569, Confederates never reported their losses although 1,600 were taken prisoner. • Flanking:

  8. Morale • Why is morale important in war? • Army • Civilians

  9. Rosencrans Receives Praise • "The flanking of Bragg at Shelbyville, Tullahoma and Chattanooga is the most splendid piece of strategy I know of.“ -Abe Lincoln Lincoln needs generals willing to fight.

  10. New Orders • “Lee's Army overthrown; Grant victorious. You and your noble army now have a chance to give the finishing blow to the rebellion. Will you neglect the chance?” • Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War Rosencrans is insulted by this.

  11. Main Points • The Union army had outmaneuvered the Confederates and forced them out of Middle Tennessee. • The Confederate forces would attempt to retreat to Chattanooga. • The Army of the Cumberland’s new mission was to chase the Confederate Army of Tennessee into Northern Georgia.

  12. Campaign overview

  13. Confederate Wishes • The Confederacy wants Bragg to go on the offensive and change the tide of the war in the Western Theater. • To assist Bragg, the Confederacy sent him two divisions from the Army of Northern Virginia, (Robert E. Lee’s force), under the command of Lt. General James Longstreet. • This gave Bragg the numerical advantage.

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