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Dale Pietrzak, Ed.D., LPC-MH, CCMHC. Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire: 5th Edition. Personality Test Types. Trait-Motive. Clinical. Normal. Symptom Focus. MMPI-2 MCMI-III BPI. 16PF CPI. Objective. HTP TAT ER’s. Projective. Rorschach Holtzman. 3 Domains of of Assessment.
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Dale Pietrzak, Ed.D., LPC-MH, CCMHC Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire: 5th Edition
Personality Test Types Trait-Motive Clinical Normal Symptom Focus MMPI-2 MCMI-III BPI 16PF CPI Objective HTP TAT ER’s Projective Rorschach Holtzman
3 Domains of of Assessment Cattell & Johnson, 1986; Leary, 1957 • Ability: What the person can do • Motive: What the person desires • Personality: What the person is like (Character) What on earth is he talking about!?!
3 Types of Personality Data • Life Data: Personality as it is revealed in everyday behavior • Question Data: Person’s self-report of any type • Test Data: Person’s responses to contrived situations, a non-conscious presentation or inferential (Projectives, IQ, Situation) Cattell & Johnson, 1986; Leary, 1957
16PF & Related • Constructed using factor analysis • Different factors for adults and children • 16 Primary Scales • 5 Second Order Factors • One of most used and researched instruments • A great deal of validity data
Administration & Scoring This does not seem so bad. • 1 hour supervised • 6th grade reading level • Caution on using “b” • 4 published keys (2 can be hand made) • Calculation of Secondary Factors • (No TV, movies, etc.)
Stability of Primary Scales Scale2 Week2 Month A .83 .77 B .69 .65 C .75 .67 E .77 .69 F .82 .69 G .80 .76 H .80 .79 I .87 .76 Scale 2 Week2 Month L .76 .56 M .84 .67 N .77 .70 O .79 .64 Q1 .83 .70 Q2 .86 .69 Q3 .80 .77 Q4 .78 .68 Only 1 scale under .75 (B) at 2 weeks.
Stability of Secondary Scales Scale2 Weeks2 Months Extraversion .91 .80 Anxiety .84 .70 Tough-Mindedness .87 .82 Independence .84 .81 Self-Control .87 .79 At 2 weeks 84 to 91 percent of variance accounted for! At 2 months only anxiety is below .70!
Consistency of Primary Scales Cronbach’s Alpha ScaleAlpha A .69 * B .77 C .78 E .66 * F .72 * G .75 H .85 I .77 ScaleAlpha L .74 M .74 N .75 O .78 Q1 .64 * Q2 .78 Q3 .71 * Q4 .76 * Most heterogeneous
16PF Uses Sten Scores • Mean is 5.5 and the standard deviation is 2 • Sten 3 is the 11 percentile & 8 the 89 percentile • Sten 2 is the 4 percentile and 9 the 96 percentile • 1 is the 1 percentile and 10 the 99 percentile I think I am Numbered out!
Primary Scales • Factor A: Reserved-Warm • Factor B: Concrete-Abstract • Factor C: Emotionally Reactive-Stable • Factor D: Low Activity-High Activity • (Child Only) • Factor E: Deferential-Dominant • Factor F: (Liveliness) Serious-Enthusiastic • Factor G: Nonconforming- Dutiful
Primary Scales Con’t • Factor H: Shy-Socially Bold • Factor I: Objective, Unsentimental-Sensitive • Factor J: Low Attention Seeking-Internally Oriented (Child Only) • Factor L: Trusting-Suspicious, Skeptical • Factor M: Workable Oriented-Idea Oriented • Factor N: Forthright- Private, Discreet (Tact)
Primary Scales Con’t • Factor O: Self-Assured-Apprehensive Factor Q1: Attached to Familiar-Open to Change • Factor Q2: Group Oriented-Self Reliant • Factor Q3: Tolerates Disorder-Self Disciplined, Perfectionistic • Factor Q4: Relaxed, Placid-Tense (Muscle), High Energy, Impatient
Secondary Factor Equations 1 • Extravertion:(.3A+.3F+.2H-.3N-.3Q2+4.4) • Anxiety: (-.4C+.3L+.4O+.4Q4+1.65) • Self-Control: (-.2F+.4G-.3M+.4Q3+3.85) • Independence: (.6E+.3H+.2L+.3Q1-2.2) • Tough-Mindedness: (-.2A-.5I-.3M-.5Q1+13.75) Take me to your numbers 1 Use the STEN Scores from Primary Scales.
Scoring Example Extraversion Extravertion:(.3A+.3F+.2H-.3N-.3Q2+4.4) Scale Sten Weight Total A 7 +.3 2.1 F 7 +.3 2.1 H 9 +.2 1.8 N 4 -.3 -1.2 Q2 5 -.3 -1.5 Constant 4.4 --- 4.4 Sten 7.7 Rounded: 8.0
Secondary Factor Meanings • EX: Introverted-Extraverted (Socially participating) • AX: Little Anxiety-High Anxiety • TM: Open-minded, Intuitive-Tough-Minded, Unempatetic • IN: Accommodating, Selfless-Independent, Willful • SC: Unrestrained, Self-Controlled, Inhibited
Response Style Scales • Impression Management: 95 percentile call Fake Good; 5th percentile call fake bad • Infrequency: 95 percentile call invalid • Hand scoring you must make your own key • Acquiescence: 95 percentile invalid “true response set”; 5 percentile call invalid “false response set” • Hand scoring you must make your own key
Interpretation Process • Assess Validity (Impression Management, Infrequency, Acquiescence) • Extreme Scale for Broad Factors (1, 2, 3 and 8, 9, 10) • Extreme Scales Primary Factors (1, 2, 3 and 8, 9, 10) • Scale Interactions (Clinical Judgment)
A 10 B 7 C 3 E 2 F 4 G 7 H 9 I 8 L 8 M 6 N 4 O 7 Q1 5 Q2 3 Q3 4 Q4 5 16PF Example ExtremesRanked EX+ -- AX+ -- TM- -- A+ A+ C- E- E- H+ H+ C- I+ I+ L+ L+ Q2- Q2- 36 Year Old Male EX: 8 AX: 8 SC: 6 IN: 5 TM: 3
16PF Example Con’t A+ = Needs Others E- = Adaptable (passive) H+ = Socially Bold C- = Emotionally Reactive I+ = Sensitive L+ = Suspicious Q2- = Group-Oriented White Male, Age 34 ... EX: Extraverted AX: Anxious TM: Hypersensitive
Class Discussion: 16PF Discuss and provide examples of how to administer and score the 16PF.
Class Discussion: Projectives • TAT • House-Tree-Person • Goodenough-Harris Draw a Person