Chapter 5 Section 2-3 Building Colonial Unity and A Call to Arms

1. Chapter 5 Section 2-3Building Colonial Unity and A Call to Arms

2. Uproar over Tea • Tea tremendously popular in the colonies • Most tea brought to the colonies by the British East India Company • Company bought the tea in south Asia then sold it to colonial tea merchants

3. Uproar over Tea • The British had maintained a small tax on tea as a symbol of their right to tax the colonies • By the 1770s the East India Company was in financial trouble • Parliament tried to help them by passing the Tea Act of 1773

4. TEA ACT 1773 • The act allowed the East India Company to bypass colonial tea merchants and sell directly to the colonists • Colonists protested the Tea Act and refused to buy tea • They believed it was a British trick to make them accept Parliament’s right to tax the colonies

5. THE BOSTON TEA PARTY • Late November 1773 three ships loaded with tea reached Boston harbor • The colonial governor of Massachusetts demanded that the ships be unloaded

6. THE BOSTON TEA PARTY • Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty sent a message to the governor demanding that the ships leave. • The Governor refused

7. THE BOSTON TEA PARTY • December 16, 1773-Colonists disguised as Mohawk Indians boarded the ships and dumped all of the tea into Boston Harbor

8. INTOLERABLE ACTS • 1774-A series of acts passed by the outraged British Parliament in reaction to the Boston Tea Party

9. INTOLERABLE ACTS • Shut down the port of Boston-no ship could enter or leave until colonists paid for the tea

10. INTOLERABLE ACTS • Massachusetts colonists were forbidden to hold town meetings more than once a year

11. INTOLERABLE ACTS • Customs officers and other British officials charged with crimes would be tried in Britain not Massachusetts

12. INTOLERABLE ACTS • New Quartering Act forcing citizens to house British troops

13. Other colonies unite in support of Massachusetts • September 1774, colonial leaders call a meeting in Philadelphia • 12 delegates from the colonies meet in what becomes known as the FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS

14. Other colonies unite in support of Massachusetts • They agreed to boycott all British goods and to stop exporting goods to Britain until the Intolerable Acts were repealed • They also urged each colony to set up and train their own militia

15. MILITIA • citizens who serve as soldiers during an emergency

16. Minutemen • Massachusetts militia volunteers. • Called minutemen because they kept their muskets at hand and were ready to fight at a minutes notice

17. Lexington and Concord • 1775 there were close to 4,000 British troops in Boston • British Commander General Thomas Gage learns a rumor that the Minuteman have a stockpile of weapons in the town of Concord 18 miles from Boston • Gage plans a surprise march to Concord and take the weapons

18. Sounding the Alarm • April 18, 1775-700 British troops leave Boston heading for Concord • The Sons of Liberty are watching and sound the alarm that the British are on the move by hanging two lamps from the Old North Church in Boston

19. SOUNDING THE ALARM • Riders such a Paul Revere head out into the countryside shouting, “THE REDCOATS ARE COMING!!”

20. “The Shot Heard Around the World” • April 19, 1775-British troops reach Lexington, a town near Concord and encounter 70 minutemen. • One of the minutemen open fire, 8 colonists are killed and 1 British soldier is wounded

21. “The Shot Heard Around the World” • British push on to Concord and find no weapons and begin to return to Boston. • On the return march the British troops meet 300 minutemen near a bridge outside of Concord. Fighting breaks out

22. “The Shot Heard Around the World” • This time the British are forced to retreat and run for Boston. • By the time they return there are 73 British troops dead and another 200 wounded or missing