Overview of Los Alamos Target Fabrication and Tracking Tasks

1. Overview of Los Alamos Target Fabrication and Tracking Tasks Laser IFE Program Workshop Naval Research Laboratory February 6 & 7, 2001 A. Nobile, J. Hoffer, A. Schwendt, W. Steckle,D. Goodin, G. Besenbruch and K. Schultz

2. Tasks to be discussed 3.5.2 Foam shells - Evaluate alternate, advanced foam chemical systems 3.5.6.2 Low-inventory methods for target filling - Develop low-inventory tritium target filling methods to minimize tritium facility inventory – void volume reduction and alternate filling methods 3.5.6.3 Cryogenic target handling - Develop and evaluate cradle-to-grave production scenarios including fabrication, filling, layering, and handling of direct drive targets in a high-volume process 3.6.2.1 Target Property Measurements - Procure and setup equipment to measure DT yield strength and modulus 3.6.2.2 Target Thermal Response - Procure and setup equipment to measure effects of high thermal radiation exposure on DT-filled cryogenic targets IFE Target Fabrication Target Injection NRL Radiation Preheat Target

3. Target Fabrication and Injection Program Logic Flow Preliminary Target Designs specified Target design Work (NRL) Target design Work (NRL) Warren Steckle Foam shells for Direct Drive Foam shells for Direct Drive Characterization Of Foam Shells Gold Overcoat for Rad Preheat Target Demonstrate Integrated Fill, Layer and Thermal Exposure Decision on Baseline Direct Drive Target Pilot-Scale Shell Production Fabricate Single Prototype Direct Drive Target Fluidized Bed MassProduction Target Fabrication Tasks Foam Shell Mass Production Mass Production Layering Methods Anita Schwendt Fill/Injector Demonstration Low inventory Filling methods Low inventory Filling methods Art Nobile Cryogenic Target Handling Cryogenic Target Handling Target Thermal Response Target Thermal Response Engineering Design of Cryo Injector Fill system Demo Target Injection Tasks Target Injection Accuracy & Track Jim Hoffer Target Property Measurements Target Property Measurements Electromagnetic Accelerator Demonstrate Tracking Accuracy Target Fab, Fil And Injection Demonstrated and ready for IRE Experimental Injector Design Preliminary Target Designs Specified (complete) Prototype Direct Drive Target Fabricated Fill, Layer and Thermal Exposure Demonstrated Tracking Accuracy Demonstrated Baseline IRE Target Selected Continuous Shell Production Demonstrated

4. Target Fabrication and Injection Program Schedule

5. Summary of LANL/GA target fabrication tasks HIB Indirect Drive WBS numbers from NRL HAPL FY2001 Implementation Plan

6. Summary of LANL/GA target injection tasks

7. Cradle-to-grave production scenarios must be developed to produce and handle targets Cool to Cryo Temps DT Diffusion Fill DT Ice Layer Evacuate DT Manufacture Capsules Inject 3.5.6.3 Cryogenic target handling - Develop and evaluate cradle-to-grave production scenarios including fabrication, filling, layering, and handling of direct drive targets in a high-volume process FY01 Deliverables - Prioritized plan for addressing critical issues - Begin Aspen Plus flowsheet development for capsule manufacturing facility - Report detailing the status of work on this task Manufacture Capsules

8. Cradle-to-grave production scenarios – Manufacture capsules Cool to Cryo Temps DT Diffusion Fill DT Ice Layer Evacuate DT Manufacture Capsules Manufacture Capsules Inject Manufacture Capsules Goals: • Establish capsule manufacturing plant feasibility • Define capital cost, operating cost and waste streams Approach: • Define process chemistry for manufacturing capsules • Define type and approximate scale of processing equipment to manufacture capsules at the required rates (scaleup). Use commercial chemical process design software (Aspen Plus) • Quantities and types of feed materials • Other materials (solvents, purge streams, wash streams) • Energy requirements • Waste streams • Develop target handling methods (sorting, separation from liquids, etc.)

9. The process for making mandrels in the laboratory will have to be scaled up for an HIF IFE plant Mandrel Production Cure Wash EtOH Extract Vac Dry at 60 C (36,000 shells in about 20 min)

10. Target fabrication process modeling to produce targets at capacities necessary for HIF IFE plants is underway • Uses existing PAMS/GDP technology that is currently used to produce ICF capsules. • Existing bench scale processes are being scaled up using chemical plant design software (Aspen Plus)

11. Cradle-to-grave production scenarios – DT fuel fill 1 wk (NRL IFE target) Gain vs. 3He r for NIF Direct Drive Target What is gain vs. 3He r curve for IFE targets? Cool to Cryo Temps DT Fuel Fill DT Ice Layer Evacuate DT Manufacture Capsules Inject DT Fuel Fill Goals: • Establish fuel filling facility feasibility • Define fuel filling concepts, DT inventory and approximate capital cost Approach: • Define filling process (with General Atomics) • Define fuel filling concepts • Fill system concepts, scenarios and real DT inventories • DT processing, storage, and supply systems • DT compression systems • Waste streams • Develop target handling methods (how targets are placed and held in fill system)

12. Cradle-to-grave production scenarios – Cool to cryo temperatures Cool to Cryo Temps DT Fuel Fill DT Ice Layer Evacuate DT Manufacture Capsules Inject Cool to Cryogenic Temperatures Goals: • Define cooling systems, cooling times, capital costs and cryogen costs Approach: • Define filling process (with General Atomics) • Define cooling methods (more important for diffusion filling) • Liquid cryogens vs. helium refrigerators • Single vs. multiple liquid cryogens (just helium, vs. nitrogen then helium) • Energy requirements • How are cryogens supplied?

13. Cradle-to-grave production scenarios – Evacuate DT Cool to Cryo Temps DT Fuel Fill DT Ice Layer Evacuate DT Manufacture Capsules Inject Evacuate DT Goals: • Define pumping system concepts, evacuation times, capital costs and operating costs Approach: • Define filling process (with General Atomics) • Define evacuation methods • Evaluate pumping times • Effect of pumping times on DT inventory • Pumping capacity needed • Energy requirements • Is heat addition required?

14. Cradle-to-grave production scenarios – DT ice layer Cool to Cryo Temps DT Fuel Fill DT Ice Layer Evacuate DT Manufacture Capsules Inject DT Ice Layer Goals: • Define layering system concepts, layering times, capital costs and operating costs Approach: • Define layering process (with General Atomics and W. J. Schafer) • Define layering details • Beta, IR, joule heating, fluidized bed, fall-and-strike, etc. • Layering configuration (is layering sphere required?, how is target held?) • Energy requirements • Mechanical manipulation of cryogenic targets before, during and after layering

15. Summary • LANL is addressing the following tasks in the NRL HAPL FY2001 Implementation Plan: 3.5.2 Foam shells - Evaluate alternate, advanced foam chemical systems 3.5.6.2 Low-inventory methods for target filling - Develop low-inventory tritium target filling methods to minimize tritium facility inventory – void volume reduction and alternate filling methods 3.5.6.3 Cryogenic target handling - Develop and evaluate cradle-to-grave production scenarios including fabrication, filling, layering, and handling of direct drive targets in a high-volume process 3.6.2.1 Target Property Measurements - Procure and setup equipment to measure DT yield strength and modulus 3.6.2.2 Target Thermal Response - Procure and setup equipment to measure effects of high thermal radiation exposure on DT-filled cryogenic targets

16. Summary – Cradle to grave cryogenic target handling • Task 3.5.6.3 (Cryogenic target handling) deliverables include: • Prioritized plan for addressing critical issues • Begin Aspen Plus flowsheet development for target manufacturing facility • Report at end of FY detailing status of this task