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Toronto, May 4 - 5, 2006

ENERGY STAR Air Conditioners & Heat Pumps Proposed Installation Requirements for SEER 14 Equipment Brian Killins Natural Resources Canada May 4, 2006. Toronto, May 4 - 5, 2006. Table of Contents. Background Efficiency and energy savings potential Electricity peak demand reductions

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Toronto, May 4 - 5, 2006

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  1. ENERGY STAR Air Conditioners & Heat PumpsProposed Installation Requirements for SEER 14 EquipmentBrian KillinsNatural Resources CanadaMay 4, 2006 Toronto, May 4 - 5, 2006

  2. Table of Contents • Background • Efficiency and energy savings potential • Electricity peak demand reductions • Homeowner benefits • Development and Implementation Plan

  3. AC/HP Market in Canada • About 250,000 per year • 90% AC, 10% ASHP • Size – about 85% are 2.5 tons and less • At 2 kw/AC, >500 MW peak demand • Increase of 1 EER yields 240 watt peak reduction (for 2 ton AC) • Operating costs – highly variable

  4. Equipment Efficiency April 1, 2006SEER 14, EER 11.5, and HSPF V 7.1 (split)January 1, 2009SEER 14.5 , EER 12, and HSPF V 7.1 (split) (2006 EE Regulations – SEER 13, HSPF V 6.7)

  5. Incidence of AC installations Factors causing inefficiency Oversizing 47%Inadequate airflow 70%Refrigerant charge outsideof manufacturer specs 44%Source: Consortium for Energy Efficiency

  6. Homeowner “disconnect” • Cannot tell if AC and HP are operating efficiently • Unaware of “servicing” costs • Bigger is better

  7. AC Sizing • 50% oversized by >25% • average oversizing of 1.39 • 1/3 contractors use rule of thumb and 40% admit purposely oversizing, homeowner driven • 20% downsizing possible yielding 4% energy savings • potential savings 2-10% Source: various studies

  8. Reduced Airflow AC efficiency • Interaction of fan, filter, coil, ductwork, & AC sizing • Studies 327 cfm per ton cooling (vs 400 cfm) • Impact on EER/SEER = – 5% Air circulation • Furnaces rated at 45 pa, typical 100 -125 pa • Typical air circulation power = 500 watts/1000 cfm • Impact of AC sizing, higher efficiency motor & blowers, duct design Source: various studies

  9. Refrigerant Charge • Overcharging (33%) & undercharging (41%) found • Fixed orifice type savings potential – 10-20% • TXV type - 5% estimated energy savings • Overall 13% energy reduction Source: various US studies

  10. Heating systems • most are oversized >40%, some more than 100% • air circulation power increase from 13 to 28 w/kw heating since ’90, typical increase from 350 to 500 watts Source: Phillips

  11. US ENERGY STAR says… …up to 35% savings:AC sizing 10%Refrigerant charge 12%Proper Air flow 10%Duct sealing 15%Sources:CEE 2000 White Paper (Consortium for Energy Efficiency) US ENERGY STAR website

  12. Installation Criteria Correct AC sizing & reduced air handling - estimated potential impacts: • 18 MW / yr peak electricity demand reduction • 85 GW.h / year energy savings (equivalent to SEER 10 to 13) Source: Caneta Research report for NRCan

  13. Proposed installation requirements • Qualified equipment SEER, EER, and HSPF • Matched coil and outdoor unit • Circulation fan – variable DC motor (ECM) • Sizing – cooling, heating, ductwork • Access for maintenance • Field measurements – refrigerant charge, air flow, static pressure, blower electricity use • Field checks – equipment #s, quality of installation (duct sealing, access for cleaning, etc)

  14. Proposed installation requirements • Verification process • Contractor training and qualifications • Energy Star labelling • Maintain ENERGY STAR principles • Pilots & Programs

  15. Conclusions / Next Steps • Expanded scope for ENERGY STAR • Significant potential • Expanded opportunity for industry • Schedule - 2007 for development of installation criteria • Stakeholder meetings for input – with manufacturers, contractors, utilities, & others • Operationalize field measures, verification

  16. Brian Killins613 947 8764bkillins@nrcan.gc.ca oee.nrcan.gc.ca Contact Information

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