Chapter 19 The World War I Era (1914–1920)

1. Chapter 19 The World War I Era (1914–1920) Section 2

2. I. The Preparedness Movement A. Americans with business ties to Great Britain wanted their country to be prepared to come to Britain’s aid if necessary. B.To promote “preparedness,” the movement’s leaders persuaded the government to set up military training camps and increase funding for the armed forces.

3. II. The Peace Movement A. Other Americans, including women, former Populists, Midwest progressives, and social reformers, advocated peace. B. Peace activists in Congress insisted on paying for preparedness by increasing taxes. Although they had hoped that a tax increase would decrease support for preparedness, the movement remained strong.

4. III. German Submarine Warfare • Changed the rules of naval warfare • Remain hidden • Attacked GB and USA ships • 1915, Lusitania was fired upon • Sussex (Fr. Steamship) Pledge * forbids attacking ship without warning. * 1917, German’s withdraw from pledge and USA breaks diplomatic ties

6. The Zimmermann Note • Britain revealed an intercepted telegram to the government of Mexico from Germany’s foreign minister, Arthur Zimmermann. • This telegram, known as the Zimmermann note, Germany offered to return American lands to Mexico if Mexico declared war on the United States. • Neither Mexico nor President Wilson took the note seriously, but it brought America closer to entering the war.

8. IV. Russian Revolution • 1917 • Overthrows Russia’s Czar Romanov • USA always used non-democratic Russia as the reason for not allying with the allies *Now that Czar was gone, Americans were willing to join forces with the allies

9. V. The War Resolution • Germany sinks American ships: a. City of Memphis b. Illinois c. Vigilancia B. President Wilson’s patience for neutrality wore out. On April 6, 1917, the President signed Congress’s war resolution, officially bringing the U S into the war.