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It is possible to convert the non-toxic urban wastes into value-added utilitarian products such as Wood substitutes, Concrete substitutes, Metal substitutes and Plastics substitutes – thereby simultaneously solving Two problems: Reduced depletion of limited resources and reduction in Global Warming Urban Household Wastes Recycling
Were we to look at Household wastes alone, they could be categorized under Six major Waste-Classes: (1) Food materials ................………......... (45%) (2) Paper/ Cloth/ Wood ....…….........…..... (10%) (3) Plastics .........................………….…... (15%) (4) Electrical/ Electronics ...………..…...... (10%) (5) Medical/ Toxic/ Chemical ....……......... (10%) (6) Cement/ Concrete/ Glass, Metallics .... (10%) [The percentages show approximate values of each class, within Household wastes] Basic Wastes Segregation
The following are the value-added products: (1) Food Materials ................. Biogas and Bio-Fertilizer (2) Paper/Cloth/Wood ........... Utility products (3) Plastics ............................ Utility products (4) Electrical/ Electronics ....... Recycled by Vendors (5) medical/ Toxic/ Chemicals .... Tough to recycle (6) Cement/Concrete/Glass, Metals ... Utility Products Value-added Products – 1
Each Ton of average Household wastes could be converted to the following Value-added Products: (1) Biogas/ methane ............................... 31.5 Kg (2) Bio-fertilizer ................................ 29 Kg (dry matter) (3) Bio-Water ........................................... 300 L (4) Carbon-Sink Engineered Products .... 175 Kg (5) various Utility products ...................... 425 kg [Potential values would be: Rs.40,000 and above per each ton Wastes processed] Value-added Products – 2
The following Utilitarian product systems are Possible: 1. Bimethane for Power production; 2. Engineered products for Wood Substitutes such as Furniture, Doors, Structurals; Metal substitutes; Concrete substitutes; 3. Modular Building systems; Automobile product systems; Hosuings for White goods. Some Idea of End-Products
The products here are Wood substitutes; house-ware, and Boat hull. These have been produced using various wastes systems, as mentioned in the lists earlier Some Developed Products
1. Biomethane for Power production… 1,575 Kg/ day 2. Bio-Fertilizer (dry wt.)……………..... 1,450 Kg/ day 3. Engineered products: Wood Substitutes such as Furniture, Doors, Structurals; Metal substitutes, Concrete substitutes……………….…. 25 T/ day 4. About 250 people (at lowest rungs) would have Jobs [Total values (Lowest level) … Rs.56 Cr/ annum] 50-Tons/Day MODULE – Urban Wastes Conversion
COSTS OF PROJECT 1. Initial works …………………………..…. Rs.10 L 2. Organization/ Planning etc …………..... Rs.25 L 3. Biomethane Power Plant systems ……. Rs.3 Cr 4. Production Plant/ Machinery ………….. Rs.10 Cr 5. Support systems, Auxiliaries etc ………. Rs.5 Cr 6. Initial operations/ market entry costs….. Rs.1 Cr 7. First Year Working Capital ……………… Rs.7 Cr ESTIMATED PROJECT COSTS ……….... Rs.26.5 Cr Project set-up Time ………………………... One year Break-Even time after Project set-up: One year Some Commercial Data
1. Each Module catering to a manageable 50,000 households; 2. As wastes are segregated at source, collection and recycling are easier, within 50,000 households; 3. Dispersed set up reduces quality assurances and logistics problems; 4. More people (male/ fem) would have full time jobs; 5. Basic Module construction becomes compact’ 6. Replication is easier through Mass-production of such Modules. Advantages of 50-T MODULE
1. Every Household would be paid for the supplies of segregated Wastes at a specific value per Kg; 2. 200 Households would form a Wastes Collection group, to monitor and supply segregated wastes; 3. Municipal Corporation would be paid a value of Rs.1 Cr per annum, per Module operation, for supports; 4. Almost no grid power would be used for operations; 5. “Proof of Concept” may be set-up within Rs.30 L. Some Salient Aspects
Contact: Hariharan PV Mail-ID: pvhramani@yahoo.com OR K. Anand Kumar Mail-ID: ananth5apix@gmail.com THANK YOU