Pick up the 2 packets from the front table. 1. Announcements 2. Cell Membrane Packet

1. Pick up the 2 packets from the front table. 1. Announcements 2. Cell Membrane Packet 3. Cell Transport Packet Objective: define roles of organelles and relate to function of cell as a whole HW: RR "Flower & Fly" Be working on your guided reading packets No organelles project Cells test is moved to Friday 10/21

2. Pick up a packet and find a group of 4. I'll know you're ready when you're seated in the back at a table with your group of 4. 1. Cell Membrane 3D Representation Objective: relate cell membrane structure to function HW: RR "Flower & Fly" Be working on your guided reading packets No organelles project Cells test is moved to Friday 10/21

3. What are the major AP Bio themes connected to cells? 1. Harvard Cell Videos 2. Ch 6 notes Objective: identify major AP Bio themes HW: Cells Unit Test Friday All packets due Friday

6. 1. Magnification - Resolving power -

7. 2. Electron microscopes - Advantages: Disadvantages

8. SEM: tobacco seed mouse kidney glomerulums

9. TEM: human neutrophil myelinated axon

10. 4. Cell fractionation

12. 5. Domains of prokaryotic cells

13. Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

14. Take out Ch. 6 reading guide and be ready to go. 1. Ch. 6 2. Lab: Diffusion & Osmosis Part A Demo Objective: understand concepts of Ch. 6 HW: All 4 packets due Friday Noodle Packet due Friday Test Corrections due Friday

16. 7.

17. 8. Surface area to volume:

18. 9. How have neurons and intestinal cells increased surface area?

21. Nuclear lamina - · a dense (~30 to 100 nm thick) fibrillar network near the inner nuclear membrane and the peripheral chromatin · composed of intermediate filaments and membrane associated proteins · providing mechanical support · the nuclear lamina regulates important cellular events such as DNA replication and cell division · participates in chromatin organization · anchors the nuclear pore complexes embedded in the nuclear envelope.

22. Nuclear matrix - · network of fibres found throughout the inside of a cell nucleus · somewhat analogous to the cell cytoskeleton · like a dynamic sponge with open compartments for free diffusion of molecules in the nucleus

23. Chromosomes: Chromatin:

25. Nucleoli:

26. Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis Free: location & product: Bound: location & product:

27. Endomembrane System: Rough ER: Smooth ER: Golgi body: Vesicles:

29. Smooth ER: 1. synthesize lipids and steroids 2. metabolism of carbs 3. drug detoxification *tolerance to alcohol and barbiturates 4. regulate calcium concentration

30. Rough ER: Makes proteins Serves as membrane factory for the cell Manufactures its own membrane proteins and phospholipids

31. Golgi Body: Products from rough ER enter on cis side. Glycoproteins are modified by Golgi body enzymes. Leave out the trans side in a vesicle that fuses with cell membrane. Makes pectin and other plant polysaccharides Marks products with "ID tags" and they are sorted like zip codes

32. Lysosomes: Digestive sacs with acidic pH "Suicide sacs" Intracellular digestion - fuse with food vacuole or worn out cell parts Ex: white blood cells (macrophages) in humans

33. Functions of Cytoskeleton: 1. mechanical support and shape 2. cell motility 3. regulation of biochemical activities - if you pull on cytoskeleton, it can trigger changes within the cell

34. Microtubules functions: 1. Motility (cilia and flagella) 2. Separation of chromosomes (guide during division) 3. Cell Structure and Shape 4. Organelle movements and transport

35. Microfilaments functions: 1. maintain cell shape 2. change cell shape 3. muscle contraction 4. cytoplasmic streaming 5. cell motility (pseudopods) 6. cell division (cleavage furrow)

36. Actin and motor protein myosin work together in muscle contraction Myosin walks along actin fibers

37. Intermediate filaments functions: 1. maintain cell shape 2. form nuclear lamina 3. anchor organelles (nucleus) in place

38. Cell Wall: 1. protects cell 2. maintains shape 3. prevents excessive uptake of water Made of: fibrils of cellulose embedded in other polysaccharides and proteins

39. Primary cell wall: in young plants Between cell walls - middle lamella (pectin - used to thicken jams and jellies), holds cells together As a plant ages, develops a secondary cell wall inside primary cell wall Perforated by plasmodesmata

41. PLANTS: Plasmodesmata: channel through cell walls which water and small solutes can pass freely from cell to cell

42. Extracellular Matrix: Glycoproteins - collagen (half of protein in human body) - strong fibers outside cells Proteoglycans - a type of glycoproteins into which collagen is embedded, core protein surrounded by carbs Fibronectin - glycoprotein that attaches cell to ECM Integrins - cell surface proteins to which fibronectin attaches

43. Fibronectin

44. No passage of materials: Tight Junctions: tightly pressed bound together by proteins to prevent leakage of extracellular fluid across epithelial cells Desmosomes: (anchoring junctions) rivets, fastening cells into strong sheets; intermediate filaments made of keratin anchor desmosomes in cytoplasm Passage of materials: Gap Junctions: (communicating junctions) cytoplasmic channels from one cell to another; specialized proteins that surround a pore through which ions, sugars, amino acids and other small molecules may pass; necessary for communication as in heart muscle and animal embryos

45. 1. Diffusion and Osmosis Lab Objective: define osmosis and diffusion predict outcome of diffusion HW: be working on all 4 packets all due Friday 2 count as extra points on test 2 count as a lab grade Cell Membrane packets and noodles due Friday Cells Unit Test Friday