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Warm Up

Warm Up. “We find that testing students who participate in extracurricular activities is a reasonably effective means of addressing the School District's legitimate concerns in preventing, deterring, and detecting drug use .”

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Warm Up

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  1. Warm Up “We find that testing students who participate in extracurricular activities is a reasonably effective means of addressing the School District's legitimate concerns in preventing, deterring, and detecting drug use.” “. . . drug testing could lead to mistrust and resistance from students and thus inadvertently perpetuate problems. . . .” Read the quotes. Based on them, do you think drug testing should be allowed in schools? Why or why not? Explain your answer in a couple of sentences.

  2. Fourth Amendment: Search and Seizure • A warrant is a court order that allows police to search and seize potential evidence • There must be a genuine reason to do the search (probable cause) • Police must file an affidavit, a sworn statement of facts and circumstances, that provides probable cause to believe a search is justified • Police must “knock and announce” in order to enter a building to search it

  3. Police officers follow strict protocols when conducting searches. Crime scene investigators must obtain each item legally; otherwise, the evidence could be challenged in court.

  4. Exclusionary Rule • Evidence seized in an unlawful search is excluded from a trial • Rule has been used in Federal Courts since 1914 • Mapp v. Ohio • Applied this rule to the states • Importance: The person who committed the crime may go free if an important piece of evidence is excluded

  5. Searches Without a Warrant • Searching a person’s belongings when arrested • Stop and Frisk • Consent to search • Border and Airport searches • Vehicle search (with probable cause) • “In plain view” (At the scene of a crime/incident) • Hot Pursuit • Emergency situations (ex: bomb threat)

  6. Narcotics detection dogs are highly trained to work with police officers. When on duty, they are permitted to walk around a car at a traffic stop, as this takes place on public property.

  7. Frisking, also called a pat down, is when a police officer searches a person’s outer clothing for weapons. A pat down may be conducted when there is reasonable suspicion of criminal activity.

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