Present Tenses

1. Present Tenses

2. go / do / write / sing / hurry / play Present Simple: ve třetí osobě j.č. se přidává -s / -es, v ostatních osobách zůstává sloveso ve svém základním tvaru I you he she goes / does / writes / sings / hurries / plays it we you go / do / write / sing / hurry / play they otázky a krátké odpovědi se tvoří pomocí pomocného slovesa DO, DON´T Do you go to school? – Yes, I do. / No, I don´t. Does she sing well? – Yes, she does. / No, she doesn´t. Do they play tennis? – Yes, they do. / No, they don´t. zápor: He doesn´t go to work. We don´t go school.

3. Present Continuous: složený slovesný tvar, skládá se z příslušného tvaru slovesa to be a slovesa zakončeného příponou –ing I am You are He is She is reading a book at the moment. It is We are You are They are otázky se tvoří převrácením slovosledu: Is he reading a book? Are they reading a book?

4. Presenttense contrast

5. Present Simple - usage: • when we speak about situations / states that are true at the present time or usually true (permanent)‏ She works in an office. We visit our friends every weekend. • when we speak about schedules, timetables etc. The train arrives at half past two. Our plane takes off at midnight. • with adverbs of frequency (always, never, often, sometimes etc.)‏ I always get up at 6 a.m. • when we speak about habitual and repeated actions / events It rains a lot here. • when we speak about facts that are always true The sun rises in the east.

6. Present Continuous - usage • for situations / states that are true for a limited period (temporary)‏ I’m living in Hamburg at the moment. He is working on an international project this month. • for actions in progress at the moment of speaking Oh no! It’s raining again! Hi, what are you doing? – I’m cooking the dinner. • for situations / states that are changing Our summers are getting hotter. The population is increasing. • with always, to show that st happens often and is surprising or annoying I’m always losing my keys!

7. State verbs • verbs that describe states (popisují stavy = „stavová“)‏ • are not usually used in the continuous form • there are several groups of state verbs • mental / thinking verbs : agree, believe, know, remember, think, understand, forget • attitude verbs : hate, like, love, need, prefer, want, wish • sense / perception verbs : hear, see, smell, taste • appearance, qualities : appear, look (seem), seem, sound • being, possession : be, belong, contain, have, own • other : cost, fit, mean, owe,

8. Examples: I’m sorry, I don’t understand. Your job sounds really interesting. He owes me £200. Does this car belong to you? I don’t agree with you. The soup tastes awful! Sophie thinks I watch too much television. Excuse me, how much do these DVDs cost? I know him quite well. Paul loves Jane. He has two brothers.

9. Word order with time expressions with most verbs we put the time expression before the main verb: He nevertravels by bus. we put the time expression after the verb to be and auxiliary verbs: She is often late for class. We don´t always have lunch at home. we put longer expressions at the end of the sentence: My sister and I go to the cinema every Friday.

10. Done by • Ayham qassem • Yamen hejazi • 2/3