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Stress

43.1 – Identify events that provoke stress responses, and describe how we respond and adapt to stress. Stress The process by which we perceive & respond to certain events (known as stressors ) that we appraise as threatening and/or challenging Stress is not… A simple stimulus or response

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Stress

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  1. 43.1 – Identify events that provoke stress responses, and describe how we respond and adapt to stress. • Stress • The process by which we perceive & respond to certain events (known as stressors) that we appraise as threatening and/or challenging • Stress is not… • A simple stimulus or response • Necessarily a negative thing

  2. 43.1 – Identify events that provoke stress responses, and describe how we respond and adapt to stress. • Two major classifications of stress… • Acute Stressors • Relatively short in duration with a clear endpoint • An encounter with a belligerent customer • A major exam • An impending natural disaster • Chronic Stressors • Relatively long in duration with no apparent endpoint • Persistent financial strains • A sick family member • A hostile boss

  3. 43.1 – Identify events that provoke stress responses, and describe how we respond and adapt to stress. • Stressors: are circumstances, events, and situations that contribute to stress. There are a variety of stressors, and while some occur on a daily basis, other occur only infrequently (catastrophes, daily hassles and life changes). • Causes of Stress -Castastrophies -Daily Hassles -Life Changes – Holmes and Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale • Death of a spouse (100) • Divorce (73) • Marital Separation (65) • Jail Term (63) • Death of a close family member (63) • Personal injury or illness (53) • Marriage (50)

  4. 43.1 – Identify events that provoke stress responses, and describe how we respond and adapt to stress. • Conflict Situations 1) Approach-approach conflict: occurs when a person has to make a decision between two appealing choices. 2) Avoidance-avoidance conflict: occurs when a person has to make a decision between two unappealing choices. 3) Approach-avoidance conflict: a choice had both appealing and unappealing features. 4) Multiple approach-avoidance conflict: two choices have both positive and negative points. • Frustration: when pursuit of a goal is blocked (failures and losses). • Pressure: is made up of the extra demands places on a person to perform a certain way.

  5. 43.1 – Identify events that provoke stress responses, and describe how we respond and adapt to stress. General Adaptation Syndrome: the body responds to stress in three phases (Hans Seyle) • 1) Alarm – intense body arousal occurs at the threat of a stressor is interpreted. This intense arousal, as Walter Cannon stated, causes the release of catecholamines, which alarm the body (“Fight or Flight” Response). • 2) Resistance – This stage is characterized by the body’s trying to adjust to the intense arousal triggered in the alarm stage. • 3) Exhaustion – If the stressor continues to arouse the body, the body becomes exhausted, which can lead to illness, mental exhaustion, and, in extreme cases death.

  6. 43.1 – Identify events that provoke stress responses, and describe how we respond and adapt to stress. General Adaptation Syndrome

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