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Order - Torpediniformes Family - Narkidae

Order - Torpediniformes Family - Narkidae. The Sleeper Rays. www.mainenterprises.co.nz/. Torpediniformes Narkidae or subfamily Narkinae Crassinarke Crassinarke dormitor Heteronarce Heteronarce garmani Heteronarce mollis Narke Narke capensis Narke dipterygia Narke japonica Temera

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Order - Torpediniformes Family - Narkidae

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  1. Order - TorpediniformesFamily - Narkidae The Sleeper Rays www.mainenterprises.co.nz/

  2. Torpediniformes • Narkidae or subfamily Narkinae • Crassinarke • Crassinarke dormitor • Heteronarce • Heteronarce garmani • Heteronarce mollis • Narke • Narke capensis • Narke dipterygia • Narke japonica • Temera • Temera hardwickii • Typhlonarke • Typhlonarke aysoni • *Electrolux • Electrolux addisoni • n ~ 12 species Narkidae • Family Narcinidae - • Subfamilies Narkidae & Narcininae? • 4-5 Genera • Appoximately 12 species (Compagno 2005)

  3. Defining Characteristics • Heteronarce & Elecrolux- 2 dorsal fins • Crasinarke, Narke, Typhlonarke - 1 dorsal fin • Temera - no dorsal fins • Electric rays with broadly rounded snouts • Cranial rostrum reduced to a narrow medial rod • Circular/disk shaped body • Short jaws not highly protrusible • Strong labial cartilage • Transverse mouth w/ shallow peripheral groove • Monocuspidate teeth • Precaudal tail moderately long and stout • Large caudal fin • population doubling time 4.5 - 14yrs

  4. Typhlonarke aysoni - blind electric ray, blind legged torpedo Biology: • Found on the continental shelf and slope • Bathydemersal, marine, depth range 65 – 900 m • Endemic to New Zealand Morphology: • 15 - 38 cm TL • One dorsal fin • No anal spines • Dark brown dorsally, light brown ventrally • Almost useless eyes • Large part of the anterior is modified muscle-electric organs to stun prey, possibly navigation and prey detection in murky waters Red List Status: Data deficient Dangerous: harmless

  5. Temera hardwickii - Finless Sleeper Ray • Greyish-brown with pale edges to the fins • max 46 cm TL • Disk width ~7.5 cm • Demersal marine, found inshore and offshore in continental waters usually on sandy areas and reefs • Tropical, Indo-West Pacific- Andaman Sea near Thailand to Burma • Importance: aquarium trade, public aquariums • Red List Status: Not in IUCN Red List • Produces electric shocks when handled. Kelvin K P Lim

  6. Narke japonicaJapanese sleeper ray • Basically same • 40 cm TL • Subtropical, reef-associated, depth 12-23m • Northwest Pacific: southern Japan to the South China Sea near Hong Kong. • Does not do well in aquariums, minor value as food fishing-forum.org fishwatcher.la.coocan.jp

  7. Crassinarke dormitorSleeper torpedo Narke capensisCape numbfish • Demersal depth range 20 – 183 m • Subtropical - Southeast Atlantic, Cape Point to central Natal, South Africa • Possibly occurring in Mozambique and Madagascar Zsilavecz, G. • Demersal marine • Temperate, Western Pacific southern Japan to the South China Sea SFSA The Fish Database of Taiwan

  8. Heteronarce mollisSoft electric ray Heteronarce garmaniNatal electric ray Hegar • 22.5 cm SL • Tropical, deep waters • Western Indian Ocean, Gulf of Aden • 25 cm TL • Subtropical, 73 – 329 m • Western Indian Ocean: southern Mozambique to Algoa Bay, South Africa

  9. Electrolux addisoni • Named after Mark Addison who collected the holotype and the Electrolux vacuum cleaner company. (photographed in 1984, specimen 2003) • 20.2 cm TL • Dorsal dark brown with small pale yellow spots & concentric black stripes • Endemic to East Coast South Africa JC Penny Dr Phil Heemstra

  10. Electrolux addisoni • Nostrils-nasal curtain • Mouth-Jaws • Chondrocranium • Skeleton - more vertebrae • Prominent spiracular papillae Holotype

  11. References: • Carrier, J.C., Musick, J.A., Heithaus, M.R., 2004. Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives. CRC Press, pp. 81-91. • Compagno, LJV & PC Heemstra (2007) Electrolux addisoni, a new genus and species of electric ray from the east coast of South Africa (Rajiformes: Torpedinoidei: Narkidae), with a review of torpedinoid taxonomy. Smithsonian Bulletin 7, 15–49. ------Cited by www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk, New fish named after vacuum cleaner, Heok Hee Ng: 2.7.2007 • Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2007.FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version (08/2007), accessed 10/1/07. • IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 25 October 2007. • Nelson, J.S., 2006. Fishes of the World 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 73. • Hamlett, W. C., 1999. Sharks, Skates, and Rays the Biology of Elasmobranch Fishes. The John Hopkins University Press. pp. 33.

  12. Any Questions?

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