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The Rise of Rome

The Rise of Rome. Chapter 8. Bellringer for 11/19/12. Name the three legends for the founding of Rome. Bellringer for 11/16/12. Describe the landscape of Italy 3-5 sentences. Rome’s Beginnings. Section 1. The Origins of Rome. Location Sicily Apennines Latium Tiber River.

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The Rise of Rome

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  1. The Rise of Rome Chapter 8

  2. Bellringer for 11/19/12 • Name the three legends for the founding of Rome.

  3. Bellringer for 11/16/12 • Describe the landscape of Italy • 3-5 sentences

  4. Rome’s Beginnings Section 1

  5. The Origins of Rome • Location • Sicily • Apennines • Latium • Tiber River

  6. Early Dominant Cultures Greece Rome • Rugged mountains to the north • Very segregated from other areas within Greece • Poor farmland • Could not support a large population • Apennines are not as rugged as those in Greece • No major barriers between cities • Good farmland • Could support a large population

  7. How Did Rome Begin? • Romulus and Remus • The Aenidby Virgil • Latins

  8. Early Influences • Greeks in southern Italy • Etruscans to the north • Etruria • Skilled metalworkers • Laid out cities • Style of dress

  9. The Birth of a Republic • Etruscans ruled Rome for more than 100 years • Tarquin family • 509 BC, Romans overthrew the Tarquins and established a republic • Republic form of government in which the leader is not a king or queen but someone put in office by citizens with the right to vote • This marked the beginnings of Rome’s history.

  10. Conquest of Italy • Over the next 200 years, the Romans fought with their neighbors for territory • 338 BC defeated Latins living nearby • 284 BC defeated Etruscans • 267 BC defeated Greeks in southern Italy

  11. Why Was Rome So Strong? • Excellent soldiers • Legions • 6,000 men • Further divided into groups of 60 to 120 • Legionaries • Gladius • Pilum • standard

  12. Shrewd Rulers • Built permanent settlements in areas they conquered • Roman Confederation • Citizenship • Allies

  13. P. 267 #1-7

  14. Bellringer for 11/27/12 • What role did the Senate play in the Roman government?

  15. The Roman Republic Section 2

  16. Rome’s Government • Patricians • Wealthy landowners • Plebeians • Artisans, shopkeepers, and owners of small farms • Both were Roman citizens • Had the right to vote • Plebeians had a lower social rank

  17. How Did Rome’s Government Work? • Consul • Top official • Two were chosen every year • Headed the army and ran the government • Veto I forbid • Praetors • Interpreted the law and act as judges in court cases • Senate • Most important legislative body • 300 Patrician men who serve for life • Assembly of Centuries • Elected important officials

  18. Plebeians Against Patricians • 494 BC many Plebeians went on strike • 471 BC Plebeians allowed to set up their own Council of the Plebs • 455 BC plebeians and patricians allowed to marry • 300s BC Plebeians were allowed to become consuls • 287 BC Council of the Plebs gained the power to pass laws for all Romans

  19. Who Was Cincinnatus? • Dictator ruled on a temporary basis during times of danger • Cincinnatus • 460 BC

  20. Roman Law • Twelve Tables

  21. Rome Expands • Carthage • First Punic War • Sicily • Second Punic War • Hannibal • 216 BC Battle of Cannae • 202 BC Scipio • Battle of Zama • Third Punic War • 146 BC, Rome destroyed Carthage

  22. Other Conquests • 148 BC Macedonia • 146 BC Greece • 129 BC first province in Asia • Mare Nostrum

  23. Bellringer for 11/28/12 • If you could live in either Greece or Rome which would it be? • Explain in 3-5 sentences

  24. The Fall of the Republic Section 3

  25. Trouble in the Republic • Latifundia large farming estates • “bread and circuses” • Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus • Marius • Sulla

  26. Julius Caesar • Triumvirate • First Triumvirate Crassus, Pompey, Caesar • Military Campaigns • Pompey Spain • Crassus Syria • Caesar Gaul • Rubicon River • 44 BC, declares himself dictator

  27. Rome Becomes an Empire • Octavian • Antony • Second Triumvirate • Octavian, Antony, and Lepidus • Battle of Actium • Augustus • Cicero

  28. Bellringer for 11/30/12 • What makes a leader good? • Explain in 3-5 sentences

  29. The Early Empire Section 4

  30. The Emperor Augustus • PaxRomana The Roman Peace • Built permanent army of 150,000 men • Praetorian Guard • 9,000 men

  31. After Augustus • Caligula • Claudius • Nero

  32. Unity and Prosperity • Vespasian • Restored peace and order after Nero • Put down several rebellions • Began construction of theColosseum • Destroyed Jewish temple in AD 70

  33. The “Good Emperors” • Nerva • Trajan • Hadrian • Antoninus Pius • Marcus Aurelius

  34. A Unified Empire • Aqueduct human-made channel for carrying water long distances • Hadrian set Rome’s border to the north at the Rhine River and the Danube River • Built Hadrian’s Wall • Puteoli • Ostia • currency

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