The Health of Island County Youth 2010 Healthy Youth Survey Results

1. The Health of Island County Youth2010 Healthy Youth Survey Results Carrie McLachlan, Assessment & Healthy Communities Island County Public Health Allison Johnston, Substance Abuse Prevention Programs Island County Human Services

2. Data on our Youth • Comes from a variety of sources including national (e.g. Census) and state (DOH) • Mostly, youth data comes from the Healthy Youth Survey… When we ask 1,949 of our youth “how are things in their world?” it is very important that we make an effort to hear what they are saying…

3. Healthy Youth Survey • Since 2002, the Washington State Healthy Youth Survey has been administered every two years to grades 6, 8, 10, 12 • Funded and developed by a coalition of state agencies: OSPI, DOH, DSHS, CTED, FPC, LCB • Washington state, county and school districts • 256 Questions asked of: • 515 (78%) of Grade 6 students • 525 (78%) of Grade 8 students • 504 (74%) of Grade 10 students • 405 (53%) of Grade 12 students

4. Demographic Data • 20.8% of IC residents are < age 18 (down from 25% in 2000) compared to 18.5% over age 65 • School enrollments are declining in IC (from 12,082 students in 1990 to 8303 in 2010) • Island County has 22,156 family households (84% husband/wife present); 8,932 have children under 18 living at home

5. 27.3% of Island County households have individuals under age 18 living in the house (30.6% of IC households have adults > 65) 938 children are living in a household with a (non-parent) relative and 343 children are living in a non-relative household Between 49-56% of youth are in families where someone has served in the military and 21-28% have family members who had been sent to Iraq, Afghanistan or other combat zones (WA state is 22-29% and 5.5-8.5% respectively) Changing Family Structures

6. Economic Data Median family income for HH with children in 2008-10: $65,345 (ACS) Percentage of families with children under 18 living in poverty: 10.6% 27% of IC households have a female head of household and 41.2% of those household’s income is under the federal poverty level. This compares to 2.7% of households over age 65 falling under the FPL. Applications for free and reduced lunches have risen in Island County from 27% in 2006 to 36% in 2011. IC current unemployment rate is 6.2% (Aug 2011)

7. Never before have youth been so ethnically diverse

8. …and so much more than adults

9. Research Review: School-based Health Interventions and Academic Achievement (2009) • Washington State DOH, OSPI, BOH • Thirteen health risk factors significantly associated with academic risk • The more health risks students have, the less likely they will succeed in school or graduate on time

10. It is difficult for students to be successful in school if they are: • Hungry • Stressed • Depressed • Sick • Tired • Abused • Using alcohol or other drugs • Being bullied

11. IC and WA state (10th graders)

12. Physical Health Access to Health Care (medical, dental) Chronic Disease Rates (asthma, diabetes, disability) Overweight/Obese; Physical Activity, Nutrition Communicable Disease (Immunizations, STIs)

13. Youth Health Access to Healthcare • 59-64% of our youth have seen a healthcare provider for a routine check-up in the past year • 73-82% of youth have seen a dentist in the past two years Chronic Disease • Asthma rates range from 10.5-13.7% • Diabetes rates range from 1.2-3.5% • Between 10-15% of IC youth have disabilities (2008)

14. Child Obesity: Why It Matters Sources: Dietz, NEJM 2004; Datar et al, Dietz 97; Davison et al: Peds 2001, Strauss et a: Peds 00; DiPietro, Dietz ’04, Sorof ’04, Dietz NEJM 2004 • Shorter life expectancies • Academics • Self esteem • Lifelong health effects • Increased disease rates: heart, kidney, diabetes • Lower education, lower incomes

15. Physical Activity and Weight

16. Eating Habits • A high percentage of youth are not eating regularly with their families (31%-49% in grades 8-12) • High percentages (32%-37%) of youth are not eating breakfast. Skipping breakfast put youth more at risk for eating poorly later in the day • Between 15-18% of youth report skipping meals or cutting meals due to lack of money • Soda pop consumption of 8th graders is higher than state • Less than 1 out of 3 youth eats enough fruits and vegetables a day (2008 data)

17. Screen Time Matters! • IC youth who report watching TV/DVDs/videos and playing video/computer games on school nights 3+ hours or more remains high in all grades (> 50%) In the past, the ICCC identified exposure to video violence and excessive screen time as top issues of concern for IC youth.

18. Sexual Activity Among Youth

19. STI rates are concerning, especially chlamydia and gonorrhea among 15-24 year olds Total number of Chlamydia cases reported in 2010: 201 Total number of Chlamydia cases reported for 15-24 year olds in 2010: 136 Percent of Chlamydia cases reported in 2010 that were 15-24 year olds: 67.66% Sexual Transmitted Diseases

20. Substance Use • Tobacco • Alcohol • Other Drugs

21. Youth Tobacco Use • Funding from the state Tobacco Prevention and Control Program has almost ceased despite showing positive results of about 50% reduction in smoking since 1990. • IC 12th grade and 10th grade cigarette use significantly decreased from 2008. • IC 8th grade cigarette use remained relatively constant, with 6th grade reporting a slight decrease. • Especially concerned about use of cigars and flavored tobacco products.

22. Flavored tobacco products

23. Tobacco Use

24. Youth Alcohol Use • Alcohol continues to be the substance most used by youth, and there is an increase of about 10% between grade levels. • The good news: all grades report a decrease in use from 2008. • All grades are less than the state rate, but approximately 1 in 3 IC 12th grade students still report some alcohol use in the past 30 days.

25. % of Youth Reporting Alcohol Use *Use is indicated as any use in the past 30 days.

26. % of Youth Reporting Binge Drinking *Binge drinking is considered consumption of 5+ drinks in a row within past 2 weeks. The question about binge drinking was not asked in the 2006 survey.

27. Access to Alcohol • The majority of youth get alcohol from friends, at a party, or gave someone money to buy it for them. • However, the primary way IC 8th graders report accessing alcohol is from their home with permission from their parents.

28. Marijuana Use *Reflects any reported use in the past 30 days • Marijuana is the most common illegal drug used among IC youth

29. Other Illegal Drug Use *Reflects lifetime use for 6th graders and any use in the past 30 days for 8th, 10th, 12th • Significant decrease in reported lifetime use among 6th graders.

30. Prescription Drug Use • Use of painkillers (Vicodin, Oxycontin, Percocet) to get high decreased in half among IC 12th grade students from 2008 to 2010. • Most students who use prescription drugs to get high indicate they use their own prescription. • Other common sources of prescription drugs include: • Friends • Taking them from home or someone else’s home without permission.

31. Use of Painkillers to Get High *Reflects any reported use in the past 30 days. This question was omitted from the 6th grade version.

32. Youth Mental Health • Some things that protect teens from trouble include: high self-esteem; absence of parent discord; good relationship with a parent; sense of control; family cohesion; good relationship with an adult • --Konopka Institute for Best Practices in Adolescent Health • Depression • Suicide • Feeling Supported

33. % of IC youth who felt sad or hopeless every day for 2+ weeks in a row

34. % of IC youth who have seriously considered suicide

36. Carrying a weapon at school % of IC youth who report carrying a weapon on school property in past 30 days Source: Healthy Youth Survey 2010 Island County (County No. 15)

37. Bullying and Physical Abuse

38. % of IC youth who have been bullied in the past 30 days Bullying behavior tends to peak in middle school

39. A newer phenomenon: Cyberbullying Cyberbullying occurs when a child, preteen, or teen is tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated, embarrassed, or otherwise targeted by another child, preteen or teen using the Internet, interactive digital technologies, and/or cell phones. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59kniHIw4uY

40. % of IC youth who have been physically abused by an adult

41. Enjoyed Being in School Over the Past Year

42. Opportunities for School Involvement % of IC youth who report they have lots of chances for involvement in school activities Source: Healthy Youth Survey 2010 Island County (County No. 15)

43. Current Programs to support the health of IC youth • Second Step: a bullying prevention curriculum being implemented in Camano (elementary) • Strengthening Families: a program for parents and teens between the ages of 10-14 • Youth report receiving information about dangers of ATOD in school • School mental health counselors meet many needs! • Island County Recovery Services has treatment available for youth

44. ICPH Early Childhood: WIC, Home visiting (limited) Communicable Disease (limited) Chronic Disease (limited, FRK, Physical Activity Scholarships)

45. So Now What? • Reflect..your role as a Board of Health: What are the responsibilities of the BOH to children? Where are there gaps that could be addressed at a county level? • Linking policy to practice • Examples: • Children’s Commission: Crisis cards, partnered with Coup SD on Suicide Prevention play, partnered with schools re: education about video game violence and reducing screen time; Caught in the Act, Children’s Heroes • Youth Council—Oak Harbor • Mental Health Tax (This provides MUCH support to youth in schools) • ACHIEVE: Free Range Kids! Tobacco Free Park Areas in SW! • CHAB/ICPH have addressed STIs, immunizations, Chronic Disease, Physical Activity

46. Carrie McLachlan, MPA Supervisor, Assessment & Healthy Communities carriem@co.island.wa.us (360) 221-8486 Allison Johnson Coordinator, Substance Abuse Prevention Programs a.johnston@co.island.wa.us (360) 678-7884