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Ch. 21 - Electricity

Ch. 21 - Electricity. II. Electric Current (p.598-599) Circuit Potential Difference Current Resistance Ohm’s Law. A. Circuit. Circuit closed path through which electrons can flow. A. Potential Difference. Potential Difference (voltage)

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Ch. 21 - Electricity

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  1. Ch. 21 - Electricity II. Electric Current (p.598-599) Circuit Potential Difference Current Resistance Ohm’s Law

  2. A. Circuit • Circuit • closed path through which electrons can flow

  3. A. Potential Difference • Potential Difference (voltage) • difference in electrical potential between two places • large separation of charge creates high voltage • the “push” that causes e- to move from - to + • measured in volts (V)

  4. B. Current • Current • flow of electrons through a conductor • depends on # of e- passing a point in a given time • measured in amperes (A)

  5. Copper - low resistance Tungsten - high resistance C. Resistance • Resistance • opposition the flow of electrons • electrical energy is converted to thermal energy & light • measured in ohms ()

  6. C. Resistance • Resistance depends on… • the conductor • wire thickness • less resistance in thicker wires • wire length • less resistance in shorter wires • temp - less resistance at low temps

  7. E. Ohm’s Law • Ohm’s Law V: potential difference (V) I: current (A) R: resistance () V = I × R • Voltage increases when current increases. • Voltage decreases when resistance increases.

  8. V R I E. Ohm’s Law • A lightbulb with a resistance of 160  is plugged into a 120-V outlet. What is the current flowing through the bulb? GIVEN: R = 160  V = 120 V I = ? WORK: I = V ÷ R I = (120 V) ÷ (160 ) I = 0.75 A

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