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Renaissance Art in Rome

Renaissance Art in Rome. Renaissance 1420-16 th century Baroque 17 th century Neoclassicism 18 th century Early Renaissance 1420-1500c High Renaissance 1500-1520/1527 Late Renaissance (Mannerism) 1520/27-1600. Artistic Renaissance in Rome.

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Renaissance Art in Rome

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  1. Renaissance Art in Rome • Renaissance 1420-16th century • Baroque 17th century • Neoclassicism 18th century • Early Renaissance 1420-1500c • High Renaissance 1500-1520/1527 • Late Renaissance (Mannerism) 1520/27-1600

  2. Artistic Renaissance in Rome • Patronage of popes and cardinals of humanists and artists from Florence and central/northern Italy • Focus in painting shifts from a theocentric doctrinal symbolism to an anthropocentric humanistic realism • The recuperation of classical forms • Study of classical architecture and statuary; recovery of texts such as Vitruvius’ De architectura • The application of mathematics to art/architecture and the elaboration of single point perspective • L. B. Alberti—1436 Della pittura: “vision makes a triangle, and from this it is clear that a very distant quantity seems no larger than a point” • Changing status of the artist from an artisan (mechanical arts) to intellectual (liberal arts)

  3. San Clemente, Rome, apsidal mosaic, c. 1120

  4. San Clemente, Rome, apsidal mosaic, c. 1120

  5. Crucifixion,San Clemente, Masolino da Panicale, 1428-32

  6. Palazzo Venezia, 1455

  7. Palazzo della Cancelleria, 1489

  8. Belvedere Apollo, discovered c. 1489

  9. Laocoon Laocoon, found 1506

  10. Belvedere Torso, discovered early 1400s

  11. Roman (Curial) Humanismcultural politics shapes artistic agenda • Affirmation of Papal primacy and the petrine succession vs. conciliarists • Matthew 16: “You are Peter (petrus) and on this rock (petram) I will build my Church and the Gates of Hell will not prevail against it. I will give to you the keys to the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, whatever you loose on earth with be loosed in heaven.” • Archeological rediscovery of both ancient and paleo-Christian Rome in the service of the propaganda of papal restoration • Flavio Biondo: Roma instaurata/Rome restored (1444-46): the correct identification and classification of the city’s ancient buildings and sites of Christian martyrdom [topography, epigraphy] • Dual Apostolate: Linking Roman Empire’s historical mandate and Church’s divine mandate • Popes as Christian Caesars restoring Rome • Biblical and patristic exegesis as prefiguration • Moses the law-giver prefigures Christ and becomes a typus Papae • Jerusalem as a sacred capital and Solomon’s Temple prefigure Rome and St. Peter’s

  12. Martin V 1417-1431 • Oddone Colonna, Roman (returns to Rome in 1420) • Commissioned first catalogue of city’s monuments • Restoration work on four major basilicas and on Palazzo Senatorio (Capitoline Hill), restoration on Pantheon, Milvian Bridge, city walls • Revived magistri viarum (“magistrates of the streets”)

  13. Masolino da Panicale,Founding of Santa Maria Maggiore (c. 1425)[Church Militant]

  14. Masolini da Panicale,Assumption of the Virgin[Church Triumphant]

  15. Masolino da Panicale,Founding of Santa Maria Maggiore (c. 1425)[Church Militant]

  16. Sixtus IV [Francesco della Rovere] 1471-1484 • Placed collection of antique sculpture on Capitoline Hill in Palazzo dei Conservatori • Declared a Jubilee for 1475 • Rebuilt Ospedale degli Spiriti, built Ponte Sisto, founded Vatican Library and built Sistine Chapel • Known for his blatant nepotism

  17. Melozzo da Forli,Sixtus IV nominates Barolomeo Platina Prefect of the Vatican,1480

  18. Rome, once full of squalor, owes to you, Sixtus, its temples, foundling hospital, street squares, walks, bridges, the restoration of the Trevi fountain, the port for sailors, the fortifications on the Vatican Hill, and now this celebrated library.

  19. Sistine Chapel, 1475-1482

  20. Sistine Chapel,Cycles of the Lives of Moses and Christ, Portraits of First Popes,1480-1482,Perugino, Botticelli, et al

  21. Sandro Botticelli, Punishment of Korah, 1481-82Conturbatio Moisi Legis Scriptae Latoris[Challenge to Moses Bearer of the Written Law]

  22. Perugino, Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter, 1481-82

  23. Perugino, Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter, 1481-82

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