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European Exploration and Colonization

European Exploration and Colonization. Chapter2, Section 1. The Slave Trade. The arrival of Europeans in Africa started the Atlantic slave trade. The slave trade began in the 15 th century and lasted until the 20 th century.

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European Exploration and Colonization

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  1. European Exploration and Colonization Chapter2, Section 1

  2. The Slave Trade • The arrival of Europeans in Africa started the Atlantic slave trade. • The slave trade began in the 15th century and lasted until the 20th century. • The Portuguese were leaders in the slave trade, they originally went to Africa to spread Christianity though.

  3. Columbus’ role in the Slave Trade • In 1492 Christopher Columbus sailed west hoping to reach Japan or India. He landed in the Americas. • He and his followers enslaved indigenous peoples. • Many of the enslaved indigenous people died due to disease. • The European colonizers need to replace their work force. This caused the Atlantic slave trade.

  4. The Slave Trade in Africa • Slavery had existed in Africa for thousands of years before the Europeans arrived. • When the Portuguese first arrived in West Africa they found a thriving slave trade, including white slaves from Europe. • Africans went into the West African forest and captured other Africans, mostly women and children. • Africans trade slaves to Muslim countries, in 1600 the Atlantic slave trade became just as large.

  5. Origins of the Atlantic Slave Trade • When the Portuguese first arrived in Africa they traded gold, ivory and pepper, later they began to deal in slaves. • In 1472 Europeans began to purchase slaves from African traders. This led to warfare between various groups of Africans. • The economies of some Africans began to depend on the slave trade.

  6. The Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, English, and French established colonies. • The Native Americans began to die out and there was a need for a labor force.

  7. Growth of the Atlantic Slave Trade The increasing market for sugar, tobacco, rice, and indigo led to the demand for more slaves. Unlike slavery in Africa, Asia, and Europe, slavery in the Americas was based on race.

  8. Portugal and Spain dominated the slave trade during the 16th century. • Later the Dutch, French and English also became involved in the slave trade. • By the 17th century the Dutch were the main slave trading European nation. • Later the English dominated the Atlantic slave trade.

  9. Triangular trade system Two Systems • Step 1- English/American carried goods to Africa to exchange for slaves. • Step 2- The traders took the slaves to the Americas and exchanged them for money and goods. • Step 3-English/American ships would return home to restock their goods and begin the voyage again.

  10. Questions (to be turned in) • How did the arrival of the Europeans affect Africa? • How did the slave trade in Africa differ from the Atlantic slave trade? • How did the demand for sugar and other goods contribute to the growth of the slave trade?

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